Students with emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD) are at an increased risk for poor outcomes (e.g., dropout, unemployment, mental health problems). These risks are heightened for students placed in juvenile justice and/or alternative placement settings. Increasing college and career readiness (CCR) opportunities may potentially lead to increases in school engagement, better postsecondary outcomes, and lower school dropout. Previous systematic reviews have examined CCR programs solely in school settings. The current review extended previous research by examining CCR programs for students placed in juvenile justice settings, detention centers, and/or alternative placement settings serving students with emotional and behavioral problems. A total of seven articles were identified after a rigorous systematic search and screening process. A majority of the studies employed didactic instruction as part of a multicomponent intervention, and evaluated multiple outcomes with mixed effectiveness. With respect to quality indicators, many of the studies did not meet standards of rigor for empirical research. Future research, practice, and policy implications are addressed as there is a need to increase the evidence base of CCR programs for youth in juvenile justice and alternative placement settings.
BullisM.YovanoffP.MuellerG.HavelE. (2002). Life on the “outs”—Examination of the facility-to-community transition of incarcerated youth. Exceptional Children, 69(1), 7–22. https://doi.org/10.1177/001440290206900101
2.
*ClarkH. G.MathurS. R.HeldingB. (2011). Transition services for juvenile detainees with disabilities: Findings on recidivism. Education and Treatment of Children, 34(4), 511–529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/etc.2011.0040
3.
ConleyD. T. (2010). College and career ready: Helping all students succeed beyond high school. Jossey-Bass.
4.
CookB.BuysseV.KlingnerJ.LandrumT.McWilliamR.TankersleyM.TestD. (2014). Council for Exceptional Children: Standards for evidence-based practices in special education. Teaching Exceptional Children, 46(6), 206–212. https://doi.org/10.1177/0040059914531389
5.
*DickersonM.FallR.Helm-StevensR. (2020). Service learning programs with juvenile offenders. International Education Studies, 13(2), 88–95. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v13n2p88
*GeenenS.PowersL. E.PhillipsL. A.NelsonM.McKennaJ.Winges-YanezN.BlanchetteL.CroskeyA.DaltonL. D.SalazarA.SwankP. (2015). Better futures: A randomized field test of a model for supporting young people in foster care with mental health challenges to participate in higher education. The Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research, 42, 150–171. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11414-014-9451-6
9.
GertsevaA.McCurleyC. (2019). Education outcome characteristics of students admitted to Juvenile Detention Olympia. Center for Court Research, Administrative Office of the Courts.
10.
*HenryL.ReinkeW. M.HermanK. C.ThompsonA. M.LewisC. G. (2020). Motivational interviewing with at-risk students (MARS)mentoring: Addressing the unique mental health needs of students in alternative school placements. School Psychology Review, 50(1), 62–74. https://doi.org/10.1080/2372966X.2020.1827679
11.
HunterA.Griller ClarkH.Mason-WilliamsL.GagnonJ. C. (2022). Curriculum, instruction, and promoting college and career readiness for incarcerated youth: A literature review. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 92(4), 418–428. https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000623
KernL.KellyS.RosatiS. A.SheraS.FluhartyM.GabrilowitzR.CarterD.LiangC. T. H.FreemanJ. (2022). Systematic review of college and career readiness interventions for students with emotional and behavioral disorders. Career Development and Transition for Exceptional Individuals, 46(3), 155–168. https://doi.org/10.1177/21651434221136132
14.
KincaidA. P.SullivanA. L. (2019). Double jeopardy? Disproportionality in first juvenile court involvement by disability status. Exceptional Children, 85(4), 453–470. https://doi.org10.1177/0014402918819101
15.
LedfordJ. R.LabertJ. M.PustejovskyJ. E.ZimmermanK. N.HollinsN.BartonE. E. (2023). Single-case design research in special education: Next-generation guidelines and considerations. Exceptional Children, 89(4), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1177/00144029221137656
16.
LombardiA. R.RifenbarkG. G.PoppenM.ReardonK.MazzottiV. L.MorningstarM. E.RoweD.RaleyS. K. (2021). Development and validation of the secondary transition fidelity assessment. Assessment for Effective Intervention, 47(3), 147–156. https://doi.org/10.1177/15345084211014942
17.
MajeikaC. E.Van CampA. M.WehbyJ. H.KernL.CommissoC. E.GaierK. (2019). An evaluation of adaptations made to check-in check-out. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, 22(1), 25–37. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098300719860131
18.
MathurS. R.Griller ClarkH.GauJ. M. (2021). A cross comparison study of reentry intervention and support for engagement: Findings on youth with disabilities. Behavioral Disorders, 46(3), 12–1. https://doi.org/10.1177/0198742919886842
19.
*McDanielS. (2015). A self-determination intervention for youth placed in a short-term juvenile detention facility. Journal of Correctional Education (1974-), 66(3), 665–615. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/26508008
20.
MishkindA. (2014). Definitions of college and career readiness: An analysis by state. American Institutes for Research.
21.
MitchellB. S.KernL.ConroyM. (2019). Supporting students with emotional or behavioral disorders: State of the field. Behavioral Disorders, 44, 70–84. https://doi.org/10.1177/0198742918816518
22.
MonahanJ. L.LombardiA.MadausJ.CarlsonS. R.FreemanJ.GelbarN. (2020). A systematic literature review of college and career readiness frameworks for students with disabilities. Journal of Disability Policy Studies, 31(3), 131–140. https://doi.org/10.1177/1044207320906816
23.
MorningstarM. E.LombardiA.FowlerC. H.TestD. W. (2017). A college and career readiness framework for secondary students with disabilities. Career Development and Transition for Exceptional Individuals, 40(2), 79–91. https://doi.org/10.1177/2165143415589926
24.
NewmanL.WagnerM.KnokeyA. M.MarderC.NagleK.ShaverD.WeiX. (2011). The post-high school outcomes of young adults with disabilities up to 8 years after high school: A report from the National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2). NCSER 2011-3005. National Center for Special Education Research.
25.
OsbornD. S.BelleJ. G. (2019). Preparing juvenile offenders for college and career readiness: A cognitive information processing approach. Journal of Educational and Psychological Consultation, 29(3), 283–313. https://doi.org/10.1080/10474412.2018.1482216
26.
PageM. J.McKenzieJ. E.BossuytP. M.BoutronI.HoffmannT. C.MulrowC. D.ShamseerL.TetzlaffJ. M.AklE. A.BrennanS. E.ChouR.GlanvilleJ.GrimshawJ. M.HróbjartssonA.LaluM. M.LiT.LoderE. W.Mayo-WilsonE.McDonaldS.MoherD. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. International Journal of Surgery, 88, 105906. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2021.105906
27.
*ReedD. K.MillerN.NovoselL. C. (2017). Vocabulary instruction to support the career readiness of juvenile offenders. Journal of Correctional Education (1974-), 68(1), 6832–6851. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/26508016
ShepleyC.ZimmermanK. N.AyresK. M. (2021). Estimating the impact of design standards on the rigor of a subset of single-case research. Journal of Disability Policy Studies, 32(2), 108–118. https://doi.org/10.1177/1044207320934048
30.
U.S. Department of Education, Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services, Office of Special Education Programs. (2022). 43rd annual report to Congress on the implementation of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, 2021.
31.
U.S. Departments of Education and Justice. (2014). Guiding principles for providing high-quality education in juvenile justice secure care settings.
32.
WagnerM. (2014). Longitudinal outcomes and post-high school status of students with emotional or behavioral disorders. In WalkerH. M.GreshamF. M. (Eds.), Handbook of evidence-based practices for emotional and behavioral disorders: Applications in schools (pp. 86–103). The Guilford Press.
33.
ZhangD.HsuH. Y.KatsiyannisA.BarrettD. E.JuS. (2011). Adolescents with disabilities in the juvenile justice system: Patterns of recidivism. Exceptional Children, 77(3), 283–298. https://doi.org/10.1177/001440291107700302
Supplementary Material
Please find the following supplemental material available below.
For Open Access articles published under a Creative Commons License, all supplemental material carries the same license as the article it is associated with.
For non-Open Access articles published, all supplemental material carries a non-exclusive license, and permission requests for re-use of supplemental material or any part of supplemental material shall be sent directly to the copyright owner as specified in the copyright notice associated with the article.
