Sage Journals: Discover world-class research

Abstract

Limited research has focused on exploring the collaboration between home and school to address cyberbullying. In this qualitative study, we interviewed 17 school counselors to explore their experiences working with parents and caregivers in addressing cyberbullying. We identified four themes: (a) connections with parents and families, (b) digital citizenship, (c) blurred boundaries, and (d) family/counselor support. We discuss the themes and offer implications for school counselors to address cyberbullying in schools, including highlighting strategies for bridging the gap between families and schools through policies and communication about cyberbullying.

Keywords

cyberbullying school counselor family parent collaboration

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

American School Counselor Association (2016). The school counselor and school-family-community partnerships. ASCA position statements https://www.schoolcounselor.org/Standards-Positions/Position-Statements/ASCA-Position-Statements/The-School-Counselor-and-School-Family-Community-P.

American School Counselor Association (2019). ASCA national model: A framework for school counseling programs (4th ed.). Author.

Anderson

(2018). A majority of teens have experienced some form of cyberbullying. Pew Research Center. https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2018/09/27/a-majority-of-teens-have-experienced-some-form-of-cyberbullying/.

Aydin

N. G.

Bryan

J. A.

Duys

D. K.

(2012). School counselors' partnerships with linguistically diverse families: An exploratory study. The School Community Journal, 22(1), 145–166. https://www.adi.org/journal/2012ss/AydinBryanDuysSpring2012.pdf.

Baldry

A. C.

Farrington

D. P.

Sorrentino

(2017). School bullying and cyberbullying among boys and girls: Roles and overlap. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 26(9), 937–951. https://doi.org/10.1080/10926771.2017.1330793.

Beyazit

Şimşek

Ş.

Ayhan

A. B.

(2017). An examination of the predictive factors of cyberbullying in adolescents. Social Behavior and Personality, 45(9), 1511–1522. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.6267.

Brochado

Soares

Fraga

(2017). A scoping review on studies of cyberbullying prevalence among adolescents. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 18(5), 523–531. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838016641668.

Bryan

Holcomb-McCoy

(2007). An examination of school counselor involvement in school-family-community partnerships. Professional School Counseling, 10(5), 441–454. https://doi.org/10.1177/2156759x0701000501.

Byrne

Vessey

J. A.

Pfeifer

(2018). Cyberbullying and social media: Information and interventions for school nurses working with victims, students, and families. The Journal of School Nursing, 34(1), 38–50. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059840517740191.

10.

Caivano

Leduc

Talwar

(2020). When you think you know: The effectiveness of restrictive mediation on parental awareness of cyberbullying experiences among children and adolescents. Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.5817/CP2020-1-2.

11.

Campbell

J. L.

Quincy

Osserman

Pedersen

O. K.

(2013). Coding in-depth semistructured interviews: Problems of unitization and intercoder reliability and agreement. Sociological Methods & Research, 42(3), 294–320. https://doi.org/10.1177/0049124113500475.

12.

Cassidy

Jackson

Brown

K. N.

(2009). Sticks and stones can break my bones, but how can pixels hurt me? Students’ experiences with cyber-bullying. School Psychology International, 30(4), 383–402. https://doi.org/10.1177/0143034309106948.

13.

Chalmers

Campbell

M. A.

Spears

B. A.

Butler

Cross

Slee

Kift

(2016). School policies on bullying and cyberbullying: perspectives across three Australian states. Educational Research, 58(1), 91–109. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131881.2015.1129114.

14.

Chibbaro

J. S.

(2007). School counselors and the cyberbully: Interventions and implications. Professional School Counseling, 11(1), 65–68. https://doi.org/10.1177/2156759x0701100109.

15.

Children’s Aid Society (2003). Parent engagement in CAS community schools: A proven approach. https://www2.ed.gov/programs/innovation/2013/cas.pdf.

16.

Creswell

J. W.

Poth

C. N.

(2016). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Sage.

17.

Creswell

Poth

(2018). Qualitative inquiry and research design (4th ed.). Sage.

18.

Cross

Barnes

Papageorgiou

Hadwen

Hearn

Lester

(2015). A social–ecological framework for understanding and reducing cyberbullying behaviors. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 23, 109–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2015.05.016.

19.

DePaolis

Williford

(2015). The nature and prevalence of cyber victimization among elementary school children. Child & Youth Care Forum, 44(3), 377–393. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10566-014-9292-8.

20.

DePaolis

K. J.

Williford

(2019). Pathways from cyberbullying victimization to negative health outcomes among elementary school students: A longitudinal investigation. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 28(9), 2390–2403. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-018-1104-6.

21.

Doty

J. L.

Gower

A. L.

Sieving

R. E.

Plowman

S. L.

McMorris

B. J.

(2018). Cyberbullying victimization and perpetration, connectedness, and monitoring of online activities: Protection from parental figures. Social Sciences, 7(12), 265. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci7120265.

22.

Elbedour

Alqahtani

El Sheikh Rihan

Bawalsah

J. A.

Booker-Ammah

Turner

J. F.

(2020). Cyberbullying: Roles of school psychologists and school counselors in addressing a pervasive social justice issue. Children and Youth Services Review, 109, 104720. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.104720.

23.

Elsaesser

Russell

Ohannessian

C. M.

Patton

(2017). Parenting in a digital age: A review of parents' role in preventing adolescent cyberbullying. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 35, 62–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2017.06.004.

24.

Esteban-Guitart

Moll

(2014). Funds of identity: A new concept based on funds of knowledge approach. Culture & Psychology, 20, 31–48. https://doi.org/ 10.1177/1354067X13515934.

25.

Finders

Lewis

(1994). Why some parents don’t come to school. Educational Leadership, 51(8), 50–54.

26.

Finkelhor

Walsh

Jones

Mitchell

Collier

(2020). Youth internet safety education: Aligning programs with the evidence base. Trauma, violence, & abuse, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838020916257.

27.

Fleming

M. J.

Greentree

Cocotti-Muller

Elias

K. A.

Morrison

(2006). Safety in cyberspace. Youth & Society, 38(2), 135–154. https://doi.org/10.1177/0044118X06287858.

28.

Fousiani

Dimitropoulou

Michaelides

M. P.

Van Petegem

(2016). Perceived parenting and adolescent cyber-bullying: Examining the intervening role of autonomy and relatedness need satisfaction, empathic concern and recognition of humanness. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 25(7), 2120–2129. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-016-0401-1.

29.

Garaigordobil

Machimbarrena

J. M.

(2017). Stress, competence, and parental educational styles in victims and aggressors of bullying and cyberbullying. Psicothema, 29(3), 335–340. https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/727/72752795007.pdf.

30.

Gorman-Smith

Henry

D. B.

Tolan

P. H.

(2004). Exposure to community violence and violence perpetration: The protective effects of family functioning. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 33(3), 439–449. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15374424jccp3303_2.

31.

Hays

D. G.

Singh

A. A.

(2012). Qualitative inquiry in clinical and educational settings. Guilford.

32.

Helfrich

E. L.

Doty

J. L.

Y. W.

Yourell

J. L.

Gabrielli

(2020). Parental views on preventing and minimizing negative effects of cyberbullying. Children and Youth Services Review, 118, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105377.

33.

Hill

N. E.

Craft

S. A.

(2003). Parent-school involvement and school performance: Mediated pathways among socioeconomically comparable African American and Euro-American families. Journal of Educational Psychology, 95(1), 74–83. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.95.1.74.

34.

Hinduja

Patchin

J. W.

(2014). Bullying beyond the schoolyard: Preventing and responding to cyberbullying. Corwin Press.

35.

Holt

M. K.

Kaufman Kantor

Finkelhor

(2008). Parent/child concordance about bullying involvement and family characteristics related to bullying and peer victimization. Journal of School Violence, 8(1), 42–63. https://doi.org/10.1080/15388220802067813.

36.

Hoover-Dempsey

K. V.

Walker

J. M.

Sandler

H. M.

Whetsel

Green

C. L.

Wilkins

A. S.

Closson

(2005). Why do parents become involved? Research findings and implications. The elementary school journal, 106(2), 105–130. https://doi.org/10.1086/499194.

37.

Jain

Gupta

Satam

Panda

(2020). Has the COVID-19 pandemic affected the susceptibility to cyberbullying in India? Computers in Human Behavior Reports, 2, 100029. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chbr.2020.100029.

38.

John

Glendenning

A. C.

Marchant

Montgomery

Stewart

Wood

Lloyd

Hawton

(2018). Self-harm, suicidal behaviours, and cyberbullying in children and young people: Systematic review. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 20(4), e129. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.9044.

39.

Jones

L. M.

Mitchell

K. J.

(2016). Defining and measuring youth digital citizenship. New Media & Society, 18(9), 2063–2079. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444815577797.

40.

Katzer

Fetchenhauer

Belschak

(2009). Cyberbullying: Who are the victims? A comparison of victimization in Internet chatrooms and victimization in school. Journal of Media Psychology, 21, 25–36. https://doi.org/10.1027/18641105.21.1.25.

41.

Koltay

(2011). The media and the literacies: Media literacy, information literacy, digital literacy. MediaCulture & Society, 33(2), 211–221. https://doi.org/10.1177/0163443710393382.

42.

Kowalski

R. M.

Giumetti

G. W.

Schroeder

A. N.

Lattanner

M. R.

(2014). Bullying in the digital age: A critical review and meta-analysis of cyberbullying research among youth. Psychological Bulletin, 140(4), 1073–1137. https://doi.org/10.037/a0035618.

43.

Kowalski

R. M.

Limber

S. E.

Agatston

P. W.

(2012). Cyberbullying: Bullying in the digital age (2nd ed.). Wiley-Blackwell.

44.

Kull

R. M.

Kosciw

J. G.

Greytak

E. A.

(2017). Preparing school counselors to support LGBT youth: The roles of graduate education and professional development. Professional School Counseling, 20(1a). https://doi.org/10.5330/1096-2409-20.1a.13.

45.

Merriam

S. B.

Tisdell

E. J.

(2016). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation (4th ed.). Wiley.

46.

Moll

L. C.

Amanti

Neff

Gonzalez

(1992). Funds of knowledge for teaching: Using a qualitative approach to connect homes and classrooms. Theory Into Practice, 31(2), 123–141. https://doi.org/10.1080/00405849209543534.

47.

Monks

C. P.

Smith

P. K.

(2006). Definitions of bullying: Age differences in understanding of the term, and the role of experience. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 24, 801–821. https://doi.org/10.1348/026151005X82352.

48.

Moreno

M. A.

Egan

K. G.

Bare

Young

H. N.

Cox

E. D.

(2013). Internet safety education for youth: stakeholder perspectives. BMC Public Health, 13(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-543.

49.

Moustakas

(1994). Phenomenological research methods. Sage.

50.

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (2016). Preventing bullying through science, policy, and practice. National Academies Press.

51.

National Family, School and Community Engagement (2021). Family engagement defined . NAFSCE. https://nafsce.org/page/definition.

52.

Olweus

(1993). Bullying at school. Blackwell.

53.

Olweus

(2013). School bullying: Development and some important challenges. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 9, 751–780. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050212-185516.

54.

Padilla-Walker

L. M.

Coyne

S. M.

Kroff

S. L.

Memmott-Elison

M. K.

(2018). The protective role of parental media monitoring style from early to late adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 47(2), 445–459. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-017-0722-4.

55.

Padilla-Walker

L. M.

Stockdale

L. A.

Son

Coyne

S. M.

Stinnett

S. C.

(2020). Associations between parental media monitoring style, information management, and prosocial and aggressive behaviors. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 37(1), 180–200. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407519859653.

56.

Paolini

(2018). Cyberbullying: Role of the school counselor in mitigating the silent killer epidemic. International Journal of Educational Technology, 5(1), 1–8. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1182235.

57.

Pelfrey

W. V.

Jr. Weber

N. L.

(2015). Student and school staff strategies to combat cyberbullying in an urban student population. Preventing School Failure: Alternative Education for Children and Youth, 59(4), 227–236. https://doi.org/10.1080/1045988X.2014.924087.

58.

Pyzalski

(2011). Electronic aggression among adolescents: An old house with a new façade (or even a number of houses). In Halligan

Dunkels

Franberg

G.-M.

(Eds), Youth culture and net culture: Online social practices (pp. 278–295). IGI Global.

59.

Ribble

Bailey

(2011). Digital citizenship in schools. International Society for Technology in Education.

60.

Rideout

Robb

M. B.

(2019). The common Sense census: Media use by tweens and teens, 2019. Common Sense Media. https://www.commonsensemedia.org/research/the-common-sense-census-media-use-by-tweens-and-teens-2019.

61.

Smith

P. K.

(2012). Cyberbullying: Challenges and opportunities for a research program—A response to Olweus (2012). European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 9(5), 553–558. https://doi.org/10.1080/17405629.2012.689821.

62.

Smith

P. K.

Smith

Osborn

Samara

(2008). A content analysis of school anti‐bullying policies: progress and limitations. Educational Psychology in Practice, 24(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1080/02667360701661165.

63.

Sonck

Livingstone

Kuiper

de Haan

(2011). Digital literacy and safety skills. EU Kids Online.

64.

Sourander

Klomek

A. B.

Ikonen

Lindroos

Luntamo

Koskelainen

Ristkari

Helenius

(2010). Psychological risk factors associated with cyberbullying among adolescents: A population-based study. Archives of General Psychiatry, 67(7), 720–728. https://doi.org/10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.79.

65.

Tokunaga

R. S.

(2010). Following you home from school: A critical review and synthesis of research on cyberbullying victimization. Computers in Human Behavior, 26(3), 277–287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2009.11.014.

66.

Von Marées

Petermann

(2012). Cyberbullying: An increasing challenge for schools. School Psychology International, 33(5), 467–476. https://doi.org/10.1177/0143034312445241.

67.

Walker

J. M.

Shenker

S. S.

Hoover-Dempsey

K. V.

(2010). Why do parents become involved in their children's education? Implications for school counselors. Professional School Counseling, 14(1), 27–41. https://doi.org/10.1177/2156759X1001400104.

68.

Wang

Iannotti

Nansel

T. R.

(2009). School bullying among adolescents in the United States: Physical, verbal, relational, and cyber. Journal of Adolescent Health, 45(4), 368–375. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.03.021.

69.

Wilder

(2014). Effects of parental involvement on academic achievement: a meta-synthesis. Educational Review, 66(3), 377–397. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131911.2013.780009.

Collaborating With Families to Address Cyberbullying: Exploring School Counselors’ Lived Experiences

Abstract

Keywords

Get full access to this article

References