Parent-Implemented Interventions for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in South Asia: A Systematic Review

Abstract

The aim of this systematic review was to synthesize the literature that focused on parent-implemented interventions (PIIs) for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) published between 2014 and April 2025 in South Asia. We reviewed 11 studies that met the inclusion criteria to assess various aspects, including participant and intervention characteristics (e.g., intervention type, parent training/coaching techniques, cultural adaptations, etc.). These studies were further evaluated for methodological rigor. We found PIIs can be effective to support children with ASD in various developmental domains and produce positive parent outcomes. However, most studies involved mothers as the primary parent participants, and both the intensity and methods of parent training techniques, as well as cultural adaptations, varied across studies. Of the 11 studies, eight demonstrated strong or adequate evidence based on the assessment of methodological rigor.