This article nuances the poverty-inducing effect of political dynasties. We argue that local dynasties in the Philippines can pursue different development trajectories based on their ownership of local businesses and their province's initial state capacity. Adapting a framework developed by Bourguignon and Verdier, we develop a typology of political dynasties that acknowledges heterogeneity in their motivations as well as in the political opportunity structures that they work in. This outlines a theory of change that fosters the necessary conditions for political and economic competition over time, even in areas ruled by political dynasties. While the focus is on the Philippines, research on the nexus between political and economic competition provides insight into issues of political dynasties, competition policy, governance, and accountability faced by a broader set of countries.
AsakoEJIidaTMatsubayashiT, et al. (2015) Dynastic politicians: Theory and evidence from Japan. Japanese Journal of Political Science16(1): 5–32.
2.
BourguignonFVerdierT (2012) The simple analytics of elite behaviour under limited state capacity. In: AmsdenAHDiCaprioARobinsonJ (eds) The Role of Elites in Economic Development. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press, 251–280.
3.
DelsyaKPermanaPA (2022) Sub-national authoritarianism after the new order: Relationship of political recruitment and political culture with political dynasties in Indonesia. Forum Ilmu Sosial49(2).
4.
DulayDGoL (2022) When running for office runs in the family: Horizontal dynasties, policy, and development in the Philippines. Comparative Political Studies55(4): 588–627.
HutchcroftPDRocamoreJ (2003) Strong demands and weak institutions: The origins and evolution of the democratic deficit in the Philippines. Journal of East Asian Studies3(2): 259–292.
7.
LacroixJMéonPOosterlinckK (2019) A positive effect of political dynasties: The case of France’s 1940 Enabling Act. Available at: https://ideas.repec.org//p/cpr/ceprdp/13871.html (accessed 27 February 2023).
8.
McCoyAW (2009) An Anarchy of Families: State and Family in the Philippines. Wisconsin, USA: University of Wisconsin Press.
9.
MendozaRBanaagM (2020) Political and economic inequality: Insights from philippine data on political dynasties. Journal of Global South Studies37(2): 299–319.
10.
MendozaREdselVVJrYapD (2012) An empirical analysis of political dynasties in the 15th Philippine Congress. Philippine Political Science Journal33(2): 132–145.
11.
MendozaRUBejaELVenidaVS, et al. (2016) Political dynasties and poverty: Measurement and evidence of linkages in the Philippines. Oxford Development Studies44(2): 189–201.
MendozaRUYapJMendozaGAS, et al. (2022b) Political dynasties and terrorism: An empirical analysis using data on the Philippines. Asian Journal of Peacebuilding10(2): 435–459.
14.
MendozaRUYapJKMendozaGAS, et al. (2022a) Political dynasties, business, and poverty in the Philippines. Journal of Government and Economics7: 100051.
15.
MojaresR (1994) The dream goes on and on: Three generations of the Osmeñas, 1906–1990. In: McCoyAW (ed) An Anarchy of Families: State and Family in the Philippines. Manila: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 311–346.
16.
ParedesR (1994) Ilustrado legacy: The Pardo de Taveras of Manila. In: MccoyA (ed) An Anarchy of Families: State and Family in the Philippines. Quezon City: Ateneo Press, 347–428.
17.
QuerubinP (2012) Political reform and elite persistence: Term limits and political dynasties in the Philippines. Available at: https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2108036 (accessed 27 February 2023).
18.
RiveraTC (1994) Landlords and Capitalists: Class, Family, and State in Philippine Manufacturing. Diliman, Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press.
19.
SerranoIJ (2020) Do Clans Coordinate? Kinship-based Reciprocity and the Allocation of Infrastructure Programs and Projects at the Local Level, Hall RA (ed.). Philippine Political Science Association Working Paper Series, July, pp.595–640.
20.
SidelJT (1997) Philippine politics in town, district, and province: Bossism in Cavite and Cebu. The Journal of Asian Studies56(4): 947–966.
21.
TeehankeeJC (2001) Emerging dynasties in the post-Marcos house of representatives. Philippine Political Science Journal22(45): 55–78.
TusalemRPe-AguirreJJ (2013) The effect of political dynasties on effective democratic governance: Evidence from the Philippines. Asian Politics & Policy5(3): 359–386.
24.
Villamejor-MendozaMBaylonMSCuaresmaJC, et al. (2018) The Performance of the Aquino Administration (2010–2016): An Assessment. University of the Philippines National College of Public Administration and Governance.
25.
WintersJA (2011) Oligarchy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
