BiadgilignSLakewYRedaAA. A population based survey in Ethiopia using questionnaire as proxy to estimate obstetric fistula prevalence: Results from demographic and health survey. Reprod Health2013; 10: 14.
2.
HiltonPWardA.Epidemiological and surgical aspects of urogenital fistulae: A review of 25 years’ experience in southeast Nigeria. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunt1998; 9: 189–194.
3.
WallLLKarshimaJAKirschnerC. The obstetric vesicovaginal fistula: Characteristics of 899 patients from Jos, Nigeria. Am J Obstet Gynecol2004; 190: 1011–1019.
4.
Department of Health, United Kingdom. Hospital Episode Statistics, http://www.hesonline.nhs.uk (2013, accessed 20 January 2015).
5.
HiltonP.Urogenital fistula in the UK: A personal case series managed over 25 years. BJU Int2012; 110: 102-110.
LeeRASymmondsREWilliamsTJ.Current status of genitourinary fistula. Obstet Gynecol1988; 72 (3 Pt 1): 313–319.
8.
EilberKSKavalerERodríguezLV. Ten-year experience with transvaginal fistula repair using tissue interposition. J Urol2003; 169: 1033–1036.
9.
TancerML.Observations on prevention and management of vesicovaginal fistula after total hysterectomy. Surg Gynecol Obstet1992; 175: 501–506.
10.
JohnsonNBarlowDLethabyA. Methods of hysterectomy: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. BMJ2005; 330: 1478–1480.
11.
HiltonPCromwellDA.The risk of vesicovaginal and urethrovaginal fistula after hysterectomy performed in the English National Health Service – a retrospective cohort study examining patterns of care between 2000 and 2008. BJOG2012: 119; 1447–1454.
12.
HarrisWJ.Early complications of abdominal and vaginal hysterectomy. Obstet Gynecol Survey1995; 50: 795–805.
13.
MossengillJCBakerTMVon PechmannWS. Commonalities of cerclage-related genitourinary fistula. Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg2012; 18: 362–365.
14.
ColombelMPedronPMissirluA. Vesicovaginal fistula after laser vaporization of vaginal condyloma. J Urol1995; 154: 1860.
15.
BlaivasJGMekelG.Management of urinary fistulas due to midurethral sling surgery. J Urol2014; 192: 1137–1142.
16.
PruthiRSPetrusCDBundrickWSJr.New onset vesicovaginal fistula after transurethral collagen injection in women who underwent cystectomy and orthotopic neobladder creation: Presentation and definitive treatment. J Urol2000; 164: 1638–1639.
17.
ZoubekIMcGuireEJNollF. The late occurrence of urinary tract damage in patients successfully treated by radiotherapy for cervical carcinoma. J Urol1989; 141: 1347–1349.
18.
GoldsteinIWiseGITancerML.A vesicovaginal fistula and foreign body. A rare case of neglected pessary. Am J Obstet Gynecol1990; 163: 589–591.
19.
BinstockMASemradNDubowL. Combined vesicovaginal-ureterovaginal fistulae associated with a vaginal foreign body. Obstet Gynecol1990; 76: 918–921.
20.
BlandKGGelfM.The influence of urinary bilharziasis on vesico-vaginal fistula in relation to causation and healing. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg1970; 64: 588–592.
21.
Ba-ThikeKThanANanO.Tuberculous vesico-vaginal fistula. Int J Gynaecol Obstet1992; 37: 127–130.
22.
MonteiroHNogueiraRde CarvalhoH.Behçet’s syndrome and vesicovaginal fistula: An unusual complication. J Urol1995; 153: 407–408.
23.
RoyKKVaijyanathAMSinhaA. Sexual trauma – an unusual cause of vesicovaginal fistula. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol2002; 101: 89–90.
AristizabalSASurwitEValenciaA. Treatment of locally advanced cancer of the cervix with transperineal interstitial irradiation. Report on 106 cases. Am J Clin Oncol1983; 6: 645–650.
26.
AlertJJimenezJBeldarraínL. Complications from irradiation of carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Acta Radiol Oncol1980; 19: 13–15.
27.
KurshEDMorseRMResnickMI. Prevention of the development of a vesicovaginal fistula. Surg Gynecol Obstet1988; 166: 409–412.
28.
HenrikssonCKihlBPetterssonS.Urethrovaginal and vesicovaginal fistula. A review of 29 patients. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand1982; 61: 143–148.
29.
WebsterGDSihelnikSAStoneAR.Urethrovaginal fistula: A review of the surgical management. J Urol1984; 132: 460–462.
30.
BlaivasJG.Vaginal flap urethral reconstruction: An alternative to the bladder flap neourethra. J Urol1989; 141: 542–545.
31.
GlavindKLarsenEH.Results and complications of tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) for surgical treatment of female stress urinary incontinence. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct2001; 12: 370–372.
32.
WaaldijkK.Surgical classification of obstetric fistulas. Int J Gynecol Obstet1995; 49: 161–163.
33.
GohJT.A new classification for female genital tract fistula. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol2004; 44: 502–504.
34.
GoodwinWEScardinoPT.Vesicovaginal and ureterovaginal fistulae: A summary of 25 years of experience. J Urol1980; 123: 370–374.
35.
DrutzHPMainprizeTC.Unrecognized small vesicovaginal fistula as a cause of persistent urinary incontinence. Am J Obstet Gynecol1988; 158: 237–240.
36.
Abou-El-GharMEEl-AssmyAMRefaieHF. Radiologi-cal diagnosis of vesicouterine fistula: Role of magnetic resonance imaging. J Magn Reson Imaging2012: 36; 438–442.
37.
StovskyMDIgnatoffJMBlumMD. Use of electrocoagulation in the treatment of vesicovaginal fistulae. J Urol1994; 152: 1443–1444.
38.
DavitsRJMirandaSI.Conservative treatment of vesicovaginal fistulae by bladder drainage alone. Br J Urol1991; 68: 155–156.
39.
LatzkoW.Posoperative vesicovaginal fistulas. Am J Surg1942; 58: 211–213.
40.
BlandyJPBadenochDFFowlerCG. Early repair of iatrogenic injury to the ureter or bladder after gynaecological surgery. J Urol1991; 146: 761–765.
41.
OckrimJLGreenwellTJFoleyCL. A tertiary experience of vesicovaginal and urethrovaginal fistula repair: Factors predicting success. BJU Int2009; 103: 1122–1126.
42.
WeedJC.Surgical management of urethrovaginal and vesicovaginal fistulae. Am J Obstet Gynecol1978; 131: 429.
43.
ElkinsTE.Surgery for the obstetric vesicovaginal fistula: A review of 100 operations in 82 patients. Am J Obstet Gynecol1994; 170: 1108–1118.
44.
BenchekrounALachkarAAlamiM. The Martius flap in the treatment of vesicovaginal fistulas. Report of 20 cases [article in French]. Ann Urol (Paris)1999; 33: 85–88.
45.
RangnekarNPImdad AliNKaulSA. Role of the Martius procedure in the management of urinary-vaginal fistulas. J Am Coll Surg2000; 191: 259–263.
46.
PerksyLRabinR.Experiences with vesicovaginal fistule. Am J Surg1973; 125: 763–766.
47.
LawsonJ.The management of genito-urinary fistulae. Clin Obstet Gynecol1978; 5: 209–236.
48.
O’ConorVJJr.Review of experience with vesicovaginal fistula repair. J Urol1980; 123: 367–369.
49.
WeinAJMalloyTRCarpinielloVL. Repair of vesicovaginal fistula by a suprapubic transvesical approach. Surg Gynecol Obstet1980; 150: 57–60.
50.
FearlCLKeizurLW.Optimum time interval from occurrence to repair of vesicovaginal fistula. Am J Obstet Gynecol1969; 104: 205–208.
51.
FourieT.Early surgical repair post-hysterectomy vesicovaginal fistulae. S Afr Med J1983; 63: 889–890.
52.
CruikshankSH.Early closures of post hysterectomy vesicovaginal fistulae. South Med J1988; 81: 1525–1528.
53.
EdwardsJN.Principles of management of the vesicovaginal fistula. S Afr Med J1982; 62: 989–991.
KiosoglousAPakzadMJenksJ. Vesicovaginal fistula repair: Does route of repair affect patient outcome? Accepted for presentation at BAUS annual meeting June 2014. Abstract publishedBJU Int. supplementJune2014
56.
Turner-WarwickR.The use of pedicle grafts in the repair of urinary tract fistulae. Br J Urol1972; 44: 644–656.
ZimmernPEHadleyHRStaskinDR. Genitourinary fistulae. Vaginal approach for repair of vesicovaginal fistulae. Urol Clin North Am1985; 12: 361–367.
59.
RazSBreggKJNittiVW. Transvaginal repair of vesicovaginal fistula using a peritoneal flap. J Urol1993; 150: 56–59.
60.
FlynnMKPetersonACAmundsenCL. Functional outcomes of primary and secondary repairs of fistulae via vaginal cuff scar excision. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct2004; 15: 394–398.
61.
EisenMJurkovicKAltweinJE. Management of vesicovaginal fistulae with peritoneal flap interposition. J Urol1974; 112: 195–198.
62.
NezhatCHNezhatFNezhatC. Laparoscopic repair of a vesicovaginal fistula: A case report. Obstet Gynecol1994; 83: 899–901.
63.
von TheobaldPHamelPFebbraroW. Laparoscopic repair of a vesicovaginal fistula using an omental flap. Br J Obstet Gynaecol1998; 105: 1216–1218.
64.
MiklosJR. Laparoscopic treatment of vesicouterine fistula. J Am Assoc Gynecol Laparosc1999; 6: 339–341.
SundaramBMKalidasanGHemalAK.Robotic repair of vesicovaginal fistula: Case series of 5 patients. Urology2006; 67: 970–972.
68.
HemalAKKollaSBWadhwaP.Robotic reconstruction for recurrent vesicovaginal fistulae. J Urol2008; 180: 981–985.
69.
KeettelWCSehringFGdeProsseCA. Surgical management of urethrovaginal and vesicovaginal fistulae. Am J Obstet Gynecol1978; 131: 425–431.
70.
WebsterGDSihelnikSAStoneAR.Urethrovaginal fistula: A review of the surgical management. J Urol1984; 132: 460–462.
71.
LeachGE.Urethrovaginal fistula repair with Martius labial fat pad graft. Urol Clin North Am1991; 18: 409–413.
72.
TehanTJNardiJABakerR.Complications associated with surgical repair of urethrovaginal fistula. Urology1980; 15: 31–35.
73.
ElkinsTEGhoshTSTagoeGA. Transvaginal mobilization and utilization of the anterior bladder wall to repair vesicovaginal fistulae involving the urethra. Obstet Gynecol1992; 79: 455–460.
74.
WangYHadleyHR.The use of rotated vascularized pedicle flaps for complex transvaginal procedures. J Urol1993; 149: 590–592.
75.
ReisenauerCWallwienerDStenzlA.Urethrovaginal fistula – a rare complication after the placement of a suburethral sling (IVS). Int Urogynecol J2007; 18: 343–346.
76.
LamensdorfHCompereDEBegleyGF.Simple surgical correction of urethrovaginal fistula. Urology1977; 10: 152–153.
MasseeJSWelchJSPrattJH. Management of urinary-vaginal fistula: Ten-year survey. JAMA1964; 190: 902–906.
80.
HedlundHLindstedtE.Urovaginal fistulae: 20 years of experience with 45 cases. J Urol1987; 137: 926–928.
81.
LangkildeNCPlessTKLundbeckF. Surgical repair of vesicovaginal fistulae – a ten-year retrospective study. Scand J Urol Nephrol1999; 33: 100–103.
82.
MurrayCGohJTFynesM. Urinary and faecal incontinence following delayed primary repair of obstetric genital fistula. BJOG2002; 109: 828–832.
83.
BrowningA.Prevention of residual urinary incontinence following successful repair of obstetric vesico-vaginal fistula using a fibro-muscular sling. BJOG2004; 111: 357–361.
84.
XuZFuQ.Bulbocavernosus muscle flap in the repair of complicated vesicovaginal fistula. Int J Urol2005; 12: 1037–1040.
85.
HiltonP.Urodynamic findings in patients with urogenital fistulae. Br J Urol1998; 81: 539–542.
86.
CromwellDHiltonP.Retrospective cohort study on patterns of care and outcomes of surgical treatment for lower urinary-genital tract fistula among English National Health Service hospitals between 2000 and 2009. BJU Int2013; 111: 257–262.