In 1926, Gerald Winrod, who was already a deeply committed Protestant revivalist and Chautauqua evangelist, founded The Defenders of the Christian Faith to battle the rise of the modern, liberal lifestyle. Winrod was one of several members of the newly formed World Christian Fundamentals Association who insisted upon a literal interpretation of the Bible and believed in subservience for women and Blacks as divinely sanctioned. This article elaborates findings from a case study of Winrod’s writings and particularly explores syncretic theological elements drawn from Calvinist and Arminian religious traditions that appear to have appealed to the new fundamentalists for their usefulness in sustaining the social privileges of white, Christian men.
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