Atrial fibrillation occurring initially during acute medical illness: the heterogeneous nature of disease,outcomes and management strategies

Lubitz SA Yin X Rienstra M et al . Long-term outcomes of secondary atrial fibrillation in the community: the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation 2015; 131: 1648–1655.

Fuster V Ryden LE Cannom DS et al.; American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force. 2011 ACCF/AHA/HRS focused updates incorporated into the ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on practice guidelines. Circulation 2011; 123: e269–e367.

Adderley NJ Nirantharakumar K Marshall T. Risk of stroke and transient ischaemic attack in patients with a diagnosis of resolved atrial fibrillation: retrospective cohort studies. BMJ 2018; 361: k1717.

McIntyre WF Cheung CC Belley-Cote EP et al . Atrial fibrillation detected initially during acute medical illness: a systematic review. Eur Heart J: Acute Cardiovasc Care 2018.

Stewart FM Singh Y Persson S et al . Atrial fibrillation: prevalence and management in an acute general medical unit. Aust N Z J Med 1999; 29: 51–58.

Lip GY Watson T. Atrial fibrillation (acute onset). BMJ Clin Evid 2008; pii: 0210.

Fauchier L Clementy N Bisson A et al . Prognosis in patients with atrial fibrillation and a presumed “temporary cause” in a community-based cohort study. Clin Res Cardiol 2017; 106: 202–210.

Walkey AJ Hogarth DK Lip GYH . Optimizing atrial fibrillation management: from ICU and beyond. Chest 2015; 148: 859–864.

Macle L Cairns J Leblanc K et al.; for the CCS Atrial Fibrillation Guidelines Committee. 2016 Focused update of the Canadian Cardiovascular Society Guidelines for the Management of Atrial Fibrillation. Can J Cardiol 2016; 32: 1170–1185.

Kirchhof P Benussi S Kotecha D et al.; ESC SD Group. 2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS. Eur Heart J 2016; 37: 2893–2962.

January CT Wann LS Alpert JS et al.; American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Group. 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014; 64: e1–e76.

Asanin MR Vasiljevic ZM Matic MD et al . The long-term risk of stroke in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated with new-onset atrial fibrillation. Clin Cardiol 2009; 32: 467–470.

Zusman O Amit G Gilutz H et al . The significance of new onset atrial fibrillation complicating acute myocardial infarction. Clin Res Cardiol 2012; 101: 17–22.

Quon MJ Behlouli H Pilote L. Anticoagulant use and risk of ischemic stroke and bleeding in patients with secondary atrial fibrillation associated with acute coronary syndromes, acute pulmonary disease, or sepsis. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2018; 4: 386–393.

Siu CW Jim MH Ho HH et al . Transient atrial fibrillation complicating acute inferior myocardial infarction: implications for future risk of ischemic stroke. Chest 2007; 132: 44–49.

Lip GYH . The ABC pathway: an integrated approach to improve AF management. Nat Rev Cardiol 2017; 14: 627–628.

Proietti M Romiti GF Olshansky B et al . Improved outcomes by integrated care of anticoagulated patients with atrial fibrillation using the simple ABC (Atrial Fibrillation Better Care) Pathway. Am J Med. Epub ahead of print 10 July 2018; pii: S0002-9343(18)30605-3.