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Davies

(2025). Harvard professor offers a grim assessment of American democracy under Trump. NPR.

Esen

Gümüşçü

(2016). Rising competitive authoritarianism in Turkey. Third World Quarterly, 37(9), 1581–1606. https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2015.1135732.

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(2025). Why Turkey’s democratic future matters for the world. Financial Times.

Levitsky

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L.A.

(2002). Elections Without Democracy: The Rise of Competitive Authoritarianism. Journal of Democracy, 13,51–65. https://doi.org/10.1353/jod.2002.0026.