Il Neuroblastoma Olfattivo o Estesioneuroblastoma rappresenta una rara neoplasia maligna della volta delle fosse nasali e dei seni etmoidali. La sua derivazione istologica ne fa un tumore ad elevato potenziale invasivo soprattutto nei confronti degli involucri meningei e del parenchima cerebrale della fossa cranica anteriore.
Il parallelo sviluppo delle metodiche non invasive di diagnostica (tomografia computerizzata e risonanza magnetica), delle tecniche chirurgiche con approccio combinato facciale ed intracranico, radioterapiche e chemioterapiche, consente una possibile terapia radicale anche di forme neoplastiche naso-sinusali prima incurabili. Ne deriva quindi la necessità di ottenere una diagnosi possibilmente precoce, ma soprattutto un bilancio spaziale tridimensionale accurato ed una istologia precisa della neoplasia, allo scopo di formulare una prognosi e selezionare la terapia più idonea. Inoltre i pazienti trattati vanno seguiti nel tempo, anche per lunghi periodi, in rapporto alla maggiore sopravvivenza.
Nel nostro lavoro abbiamo rivalutato criticamente una nostra casistica di 7 Neuroblastomi Olfattivi e rivisitato i dati della letteratura, analizzando i molteplici aspetti epidemiologici, anatomo-patologici, clinico-semeiologici e terapeutici di questa neoplasia, in modo da standardizzare linee guida per il suo trattamento e per il suo monitoraggio dopo terapia.
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