Le cisti aracnoidee spinali costituiscono una causa rara di compressione midollare.
Viene discussa la classificazione di questa entità patologica e presentate quattro osservazioni: una cisti intradurale dorsale, una in corrispondenza del tratto lombare, sempre intradurale, una extradurale con doppia localizzazione a livello del tratto dorsale ed una quarta intradurale in corrispondenza del foro di co-niugazione di C6.
Dopo aver discusso l'eziopatogenesi delle cisti aracnoidee secondo i diversi autori, viene analizzato il meccanismo di crescita di queste cisti e le lesioni vertebrali associate.
La presenza di concomitanti dismorfie vertebrali, il riscontro di una piccola massa lipomatosa in prossimità del polo inferiore della cisti, e l'osservazione della stessa lesione in consanguinei, fanno ritenere estremamente probabile l'eziopatogenesi disembriogenetica.
Dopo aver descritto gli aspetti clinici e le diverse indagini neuroradiologiche utili per lo studio delle cisti aracnoidee, vengono riportati i principi di tecnica chirurgica ed i risultati ottenuti.
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