Treatments for Sciatica Mimics: Facets and Sacroiliac Joints

Badgley CE : The articular facet in relation to low back pain and sciatic radiation. J Bone Joint Surg 23: 481, 1941.

Beaman DN Graziano GP Glover RA : Substance P innervation of lumbar spine facet joints. Spine. Jun 15. 18 (8): 1044–9, 1993.

Bernard TN Cassidy JD : The sacroiliac syndrome. Pathophysiology, diagnosis and management. In: Frymoyer JW , ed. The adult spine: Principles and practice. New York: Raven 1991; 2107–30.

Birkenmaier C : Percutaneous cryodenervation of lumbar facet joints: A prospective clinical trial. Int Orthop, Aug., 31 (4): 525–30, 2007.

Blanchard J Ramamurthy S Walsh N : Intravenous regional sympatholysis: A double-blind comparison of guanethidine, reserpine, and normal saline. J Pain Symptom Manage. Dec 5 (6): 357–61, 1990.

Bredella MA Steinbach LS Morgan S : MRI of the sacroiliac joints in patients with moderate to severe ankylosing spondylitis. Am J Roentgenol 187: 1420–1426, 2006.

Carette S Marcoux S Truchon R : A controlled trial of corticosteroid injections into facet joints for chronic low back pain. N Engl J Med. Oct 3, 325 (14): 1002–7, 1991.

Carrera GF Foley WD Kozin F : CT of sacroiliitis. Am J Roentgenol 136: 41–46, 1981.

Carrera GF : Lumbar facet joint injection in low back pain and sciatica: Description of technique. Radiology 137: 661–664, 1980.

Carrino JA Lurie JD Tosteson AN : Lumbar spine: Reliability of MR imaging findings. Radiology. Jan, 250 (1): 161–70, 2009.

Carrino John A : Selective Sacroiliac Joint and Facet Joint Injections; New techniques in interventional musculoskeletal radiology 11: 133, 2007.

Cibulka MT Delitto A : A comparison of two different methods to treat hip pain in runners. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 17: 172–6. 86, 1993.

Cohen Steven P : Sacroiliac Joint Pain: A Comprehensive Review of Anatomy, Diagnosis, and Treatment, Anesth Analg 101: 1440–53, 2005.

Destouet JM Gilula LA Murphy WA : Lumbar facet join injection: Indication, technique, clinical correlation, and preliminary results. Radiology 145: 321–325, 1982.

. Dreyer SJ Dreyfuss PH : Low back pain and the zygapophysial (facet) joints. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 77: 290–300, 1996.

. Dreyfuss PH Dreyer SJ Herring SA : Lumbar zygapophysial (facet) joint injections. Spine. Sep 15, 20 (18): 2040–7, 1995.

Eubanks JD Lee MJ Cassinelli E : Prevalence of lumbar facet arthrosis and its relationship to age, sex, and race: An anatomic study of cadaveric specimens. Spine. Sep 1, 32 (19): 2058–62, 2007.

Frost FA Jessen B Siggaard-Andersen J : A control, double-blind comparison of mepivacaine injection versus saline injection for myofascial pain. Lancet. Mar 8, 1 (8167): 499–500, 1980.

Gallagher J di Vadi PL Petriccioone Wedley JR : Radiofrequency facet joint denervation in the treatment of low back pain: A prospective controlled double-blind study to assess its efficacy. Pain Clin. 7 (3): 1 93–8, 1994.

Giles LG Harvey AR : Immunohistochemical demonstration of nociceptors in the capsule and synovial folds of human zygapophyseal joints. Br J Rheumatol. Oct, 26 (5): 362–4, 1987.

Goldthwait JE : The lumbosacral articulation: An explanation of many cases of “lumbago,” “sciatica” and paraplegia. Boston Med Surg J 164: 365–372, 1911.

Hirsch C Ingelmark BE Miller M : The anatomical basis for low back pain. Studies on the presence of sensory nerve endings in ligamentous, capsular and intervertebral disc structures in the human lumbar spine. Acta Orthop Scand. 33: 1–17, 1963.

Hyo-Joon Kim Dong-Gyu Shin Hyoung-Ihl Kim : Selective Neurotomy of Sacral Lateral Branchesfor Pain of Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2005: 338–343.

Ikeda R : Innervation of the sacroiliac joint: Macroscopic andhistological studies. J Nippon Med Sch 58: 587–96, 1991.

Inanc N Atagunduz P Sen F : The investigation of sacroiliitis with different imaging techniques in spondyloarthropathies. Rheumatol Int 25: 591–594, 2005.

Jackson RP Jacobs RR Montesano PX : 1988 Volvo award in clinical sciences. Facet joint injection in low-back pain. A prospective statistical study. Spine. Sep, 13 (9): 966–71, 1988.

Kalichman L Li L Kim DH : Facet joint osteoarthritis and low back pain in the community-based population. Spine. Nov, 33 (23): 2560–5, 2008.

Kornick C Kramarich SS Lamer TJ : Complications of lumbar facet radiofrequency denervation. Spine. Jun 15, 29 (12): 1352–4, 2004.

Kroll HR Kim D Danic MJ : A randomized, double-blind, prospective study comparing the efficacy of continuous versus pulsed radiofrequency in the treatment of lumbar facet syndrome. J Clin Anesth. Nov, 20 (7): 534–7, 2008.

Lau LS Littlejohn GO Miller MH : Clinical evaluation of intra-articular injections for lumbar facet joint pain. Med J Aust 143: 563–565, 1985.

Lawrence JS Bremner JM Bier F : Osteo-arthrosis. Prevalence in the population and relationship between symptoms and x-ray changes. Ann Rheum Dis. Jan, 25 (1): 1–24, 1966.

Leclaire R Fortin L Lambert R : Radiofrequency facet joint denervation in the treatment of low back pain: A placebo-controlled clinical trial to assess efficacy. Spine. Jul 1, 26 (13): 1411–6; discussion 1417, 2001.

Lilius G Laasonen EM Myllynen P : Lumbar facet joint syndrome. A randomised clinical trial. J Bone Joint Surg Br. Aug, 71 (4): 681–4, 1989.

Lippett AB : The facet joint and its role in spine pain. Management with facet joint injections. Spine 9: 746–750, 1984.

Lord SM Barnsley L Wallis BJ : Chronic cervical zygapophysial joint pain after whiplash. A placebo-controlled prevalence study. Spine. Aug 1, 21 (15): 1737–44; discussion 1744–5, 1996.

Lynch MC Taylor JF : Facet joint injection for low back pain. A clinical study. J Bone Joint Surg [Br] 68: 138–141, 1986.

Magora A : Relation between the low back pain syndrome and x-ray findings. Scand J Rehabil Med. 8: 115–25, 1976.

Marks R : Distribution of pain provoked from lumbar facet joints and related structures during diagnostic spinal infiltration. Pain, Oct 39 (1): 37–40, 1989.

Rupert Matthew P. Lee Marion Manchikanti Laxmaiah : Evaluation of Sacroiliac Joint Interventions: A Systematic Appraisal of the Literature.

McCall IW Park WM O'Brien JP : Induced pain referral from posterior lumbar elements in normal subjects. Spine. Sep-Oct, 4 (5): 441–6, 1979.

Tuite Michael J. : Sacroiliac Joint Imaging.

Mooney V Robertson J : The facet syndrome. Clin Orthop 115: 149–156, 1976.

Moran R O'Connell D Walsh MG : The diagnostic value of facet joint injections. Spine. Dec, 13 (12): 1407–10, 1988.

Murtagh FR : Computerized tomography and fluoroscopy guided anesthesia and steroid injection in facet syndrome. Spine 13: 686–689, 1988.

Okada K : Studies on the cervical facet joints using arthrography. J Jpn Orthoped Assoc 55: 563–580, 1981.

Osterbauer PJ De Boer KF Widmaier R : Treatment and bio-mechanical assessment of patients with chronic sacroiliac.

Puhakka KB Jurik AG Egund N : Imaging of sacroiliitis in early seronegative spondyloarthropathy. Assessment of abnormalities by MR in comparison with radiography and CT. Acta Radiol 44 (2): 218–229, 2003.

Raymond J Dumas J : Intra-articular facet block: Diagnostic test or therapeutic procedure? Radiology 151: 333–336, 1984.

Rees WS : Multiple bilateral subcutaneous rhizolysis of segmental nerves in the treatment of intervertebral disc syndrome. Ann Gen Prac. 26: 126, 1972.

Vallejo Ricardo Benyamin Ramsin M. Kramer Jeffery : BS‖ Pulsed Radiofrequency Denervation for the Treatment of Sacroiliac Joint Syndrome.

Roy DF Fleury J Fontaine SB : Clinical evaluation of cervical facet joint infiltration. J Can Assoc Radiol 39: 118–120, 1988.

Schmidt H Heuer F Wilke HJ : Interaction between finite helical axes and facet joint forces under combined loading. Spine. Dec 1, 33 (25): 2741–8, 2008.

Schofferman J Kine G : Effectiveness of repeated radiofrequency neurotomy for lumbar facet pain. Spine. Nov 1, 29 (21): 2471–3, 2004.

Schwarzer AC Aprill CN Derby R : Clinical features of patients with pain stemming from the lumbar zygapophysial joints. Is the lumbar facet syndrome a clinical entity? Spine. May 15, 19 (10): 1132–7, 1994.

Shealy CN : Percutaneous radiofrequency denervation of spinal facets: Treatment for chronic back pain and sciatica. J Neurosurg 43: 448–51, 1975.

Solonen KA : The sacroiliac joint in the light of anatomical, roentgenological and clinical studies. Acta Orthop Scand 27 (suppl): 1–27, 1957.

Szadek KM van der Wurff P van Tulder MW : Diagnostic validity of criteria for sacroiliac joint pain: A systematic review. J Pain 2008. [Epub ahead of print].

Van Kleef M Barendse GA Kessels A : Randomized trial of radiofrequency lumbar facet denervation for chronic low back pain. Spine. Sep 15, 24(18): 1937–42, 1999.

Yu W Feng F Dion E : Comparison of radiography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in the detection of sacroiliitis accompanying ankylosing spondylitis. Skeletal Radiol 27: 311–320, 1998.