Abstract

Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Kandel
ER
Schwartz
JH
Jessell
TM
. Principles of neural science , 4th ed. McGraw-Hill , New York 2000 .
2.
Kettenmann
H
Ransom
BR
: Neuroglia , 2nd edition . Oxford University Press , New York 2004 .
3.
Williams
KC
Hickey
WF
: Central nervous damage, monocytes and macrophages, and neuroglial disorders in AIDS . Annu Rev Neurosci 25 : 537 –562 , 2002 .
4.
Rock
RB
Gekker
G
Hu
S
: Role of microglia in central nervous infections . Clin Microbiol Rev 17 : 942 –964 , 2004 .
5.
Debanne
D
: Information processing in the axon . Nature Rev Neurosci 5 : 304 –316 , 2004 .
6.
Verdú
E
García-Alías
G
Forés
J
: Morphological characterization of photochemical graded spinal cord injury in the rat . J Neurotrauma 20 : 483 –499 , 2003 .
7.
Plate
KH
: Mechanisms of angiogenesis in the brain . J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 58 : 313 –320 , 1999 .
8.
Haymaker
W
Adams
RD
: Histology and histopathology of the nervous system . Charles C. Thomas Publ. , Springfield 1982 .
9.
Harling-Berg
CJ
Park
JT
Knopf
PM
. Role of the cervical lymphatics in the Th2-type hierarchy of the CNS immune regulation . J Neuroimmunol 101 : 111 –127 , 1999 .
10.
Johnston
M
Zakharov
A
Papaiconomou
C
: Evidence of connections between cerebrospinal fluid and nasal lymphatic vessels in humans, non-human primates and other mammalian species . Cerebrospinal Fluid Res 1 : 2 , 2004 .
11.
Ransohoff
RM
Kivisäkk
P
Kidd
G
, Three or more routes for leukocyte migration into the central nervous system . Nature Rev Immunol 3 : 569 –581 , 2003 .
12.
Arroyo
EJ
Scherer
SS
: On the molecular architecture of myelinated fibres . Histochem Cell Biol 113 : 1 –18 , 2000 .
13.
Peles
E
Salzer
J
: Molecular domains of myelinated axons . Curr Opin Neurobiol 10 : 558 –565 , 2000 .
14.
Garner
CC
Kindler
S
Gundelfinger
ED
: Molecular determinants of presynaptic active zones . Curr Opin Neurobiol 10 : 321 –327 , 2000 .
15.
Huntley
GW
Benson
DL
Colman
DR
: Structural remodeling of the synapse in response to physiological activity . Cell 108 : 1 –4 , 2002 .
16.
Halliwell
B
: Role of free radicals in the neurodegenerative diseases . Drugs & Aging 18 : 685 –716 , 2001 .
17.
Levine
JM
Reynolds
R
Fawcett
JW
: The oligodendrocytes precursor cell in health and disease . Trends Neurosci 24 : 39 –47 , 2001 .
18.
Herrup
K
Neve
R
Ackerman
SI
: Divide and die: cell cycle events as triggers of nerve cell death . J Neurosci 24 : 9232 –9239 , 2004 .
19.
Abrous
DN
Koehl
M
Le Moal
M
: Adult neurogenesis: From precursors to network and physiology . Physiol Rev 85 : 523 –569 , 2005 .
20.
Kempermann
G
Wiskott
L
Gage
FH
: Functional significance of adult neurogenesis . Curr Opin Neurobiol 14 : 186 –191 , 2004 .
21.
Alvarez-Buylla
A
García-Verdugo
JM
: Neurogenesis in adult subventricular zone . J Neurosci 22 : 629 –634 , 2002 .
22.
Horner
PJ
Palmer
TD
: New roles for astrocytes: The nightlife of an astrocyte . Trends Neurosci 26 : 597 –603 , 2003 .
23.
Rakic
P
. Adult neurogenesis in mammals: an identity crisis . J. Neurosci 22 : 614 –618 , 2002 .
24.
Johansson
BB
: Brain plasticity in health and disease . Keio J Med 53 : 231 –246 , 2004 .
25.
Fawcett
JM
Asher
RA
: The glial scar and central nervous system repair . Brain Res Bull 49 : 377 –391 , 1999 .
26.
Horner
PJ
Gage
FH
: Regenerating the damaged central nervous system . Nature 407 : 963 –970 , 2000 .
27.
Fournier
AE
Strittmatter
SM
: Repulsive factors and axon regeneration in the CNS . Curr Opin Neurobiol 11 : 89 –94 , 2001 .
28.
Yu
TW
Bargmann
CI
: Dynamic regulation of axon guidance . Nature Neurosci Suppl 4 : 1169 –1176 , 2001 .
29.
De Wit
J
Verhaagen
J
: Role of semaphorins in the adult nervous system . Prog Neurobiol 71 : 249 –267 , 2003 .
30.
Sakisaka
T
Takai
Y
: Biology and pathology of nectins and nectin-like molecules . Curr Opin Cell Biol 16 : 513 –521 , 2004 .
