BailanJC. Screening for lung cancer-Where are we now?Am Rev Respir Dis1984;130:541–542.
2.
National Cancer Institute. Early Lung Cancer Study Group. Early lung cancer detection: Summary and conclusions. Am Rev Respir Dis1984;130:565–570.
3.
EddyDM. Guidelines for the cancer-related check-up: Recommendations and rationale. CA1980;30:193–240.
4.
ShapiroS.Evidence on screening for breast cancer from a randomized trial. Cancer1977;39:2772–2782.
5.
SackettDL, HollandWW. Controversy in the detection of disease. Lancet1975;1:357–359.
6.
SackettDL. Screening for early detection of disease: To what purpose?Bull NY Acad Med1975;51:39–52.
7.
CochraneAL, HollandWW. Validation of screening procedures. Br Med Bull1969;27:3–8.
8.
ColeP, MorrisonAS. Basic issues in population screening for cancer. Journal of National Cancer Institute1980;64:1263–1271.
9.
ChuongJJH. A screening primer: Basic principles, criteria, and pitfalls of screening with comments on colorectal carcinoma. J Clin Gastroenterol1983;5:229–233.
10.
LoveRR, CamilliAE. The value of screening. Cancer1981;48:489–494.
11.
American Thoracic Society. Screening for adult respiratory disease. Am Rev Respir Dis1983;128:768–774.
12.
MittmanC.Assessment of operative risk in thoracic surgery. Am Rev Respir Dis1961;84:197–207.
13.
CainHD, StevensPM, AdaniyaR.Preoperative pulmonary function and complications after cardiovascular surgery. Chest1979;76:130–135.
14.
MilledgeJS, NunnJF. Criteria of fitness for anaesthesia in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease. Br Med J1975;3:670–673.
15.
GraceyDR, DivertieMB, DidierEP. Preoperative pulmonary preparation of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chest1979;76:123–129.
16.
SteinM, CassaraEL. Preoperative pulmonary evaluation and therapy for surgery patients. JAMA1970;211:787–780.
17.
ThorenL.Postoperative pulmonary complications. Observations on their prevention by means of physiotherapy. Acta Chir Scand1964;107:193–205.
18.
SandsJH, CypertC, ArmstrongR, . A controlled study using routine intermittent positive pressure breathing in the postsurgical patient. Dis Chest1961;40:128–133.
19.
BaxterWD, LevineRS. An evaluation of intermittent positive pressure breathing in the prevention of postoperative pulmonary complications. Arch Surg1969;98:795–798.
20.
MorranCG, FinlayIG, MathiesonM, McKayAJ, WilsonN, McArdleCS. Randomized controlled trial of physiotherapy for postoperative pulmonary complications. Br J Anaesth1983;55:1113–1117.
21.
CelliBR, RodriguezKS, SniderGL. A controlled trial of intermittent positive pressure breathing, incentive spirometry, and deep breathing exercises in preventing pulmonary complications after abdominal surgery. Am Rev Respir Dis1984;130:12–15.
22.
SchweigerI, GamulinZ, ForsterA, MeyerP, GemperleM, SuterPM. Absence of benefit of incentive spirometry in low-risk patients undergoing elective cholecystectomy: A controlled randomized study. Chest1986;89:652–656.
23.
CravenJL, EvansGA, DavenportPJ, WilliamsRHP. The evaluation of the incentive spirometer in the management of postoperative pulmonary complications. Br J Surg1974;61:793–797.
24.
DohiS, GoldMI. Comparison of two methods of postoperative respiratory care. Chest1978;73:592–595.
25.
LyagerS, WernbergM, RajaniN, . Can postoperative pulmonary conditions be improved by treatment with the Bartlett-Edwards incentive spirometer after upper abdominal surgery?Acta Anaesthesiol Scand1979;23:312–319.
26.
BeckerA, BarakS, BraunE, MeyersMP. The treatment of postoperative pulmonary atelectasis with intermittent positive pressure breathing. Surg Gynecol Obstet1960;11:517–522.
27.
JungR, WightJ, NusserM, RosoffL.Comparison of three methods of respiratory care following upper abdominal surgery. Chest1980;78:31–35.
28.
AliJ, SerretteC, WoodLDH, AnthonisenNR. Effect of postoperative intermittent positive pressure breathing on lung function. Chest1984;85:192–196.
29.
StockMC, DownsJB, GauerPK, AlsterJM, ImreyPB. Prevention of postoperative pulmonary complications with CPAP, incentive spirometry, and conservative therapy. Chest1985;87:151–157.
30.
RickstenSE, BengtssonA, SoderbergC, ThordenM, KvistH.Effects of periodic positive airway pressure by mask on postoperative pulmonary function. Chest1986;89:774–781.
31.
LindnerKH, LotzP, AhnefeldFW. Continuous positive airway pressure effect on functional residual capacity, vital capacity and its subdivisions. Chest1987;91:66–70.
32.
GriffithsE.Failure of penicillin to prevent postoperative chest infection. Br Med J1957;1:803–804.
33.
ThulbourneT, SheffMB, YoungMH. Prophylactic penicillin and postoperative chest infections. Lancet1962;2:907–909.
34.
CollinsCD, DarkeCS, KnoweldenJ.Chest complications after upper abdominal surgery: Their anticipation and prevention. Br Med J1968;1:401–406.
35.
LaszloG, ArcherGG, DarrellJH, DawsonJM, FletcherCM. The diagnosis and prophylaxis of pulmonary complications of surgical operation. Br J Surg1973;60:129–134.
36.
CraigDB. Postoperative recovery of pulmonary function. Anesth Analg1981;60:46–52.
37.
StollerJK. Preoperative preparation of the patient. In: KacmarekRM, StollerJK, editors. Current respiratory care. Philadelphia: BC Decker, 1988:321–326.
38.
WarnerMA, DivertieMB, TinkerJH. Preoperative cessation of smoking and pulmonary complications in coronary artery bypass patients. Anesthesiology1984;60:380–383.
39.
CrapoRO, KellyTM, ElliotCG, JonesSB. Spirometry as a preoperative screening test in morbidly obese subjects. Surgery1986;99:763–768.
40.
BatesDV. The prevention of emphysema. Chest1974;65:437–441.
41.
MacklemPT, chairman. Workshop on screening programs for early diagnosis of airway obstruction. Am Rev Respir Dis1974;109:567–571.
42.
McCarthyDS, CraigDB, CherniackRM. Effect of modification of the smoking habit on lung function. Am Rev Respir Dis1976;114:103–113.
43.
GentrySE, HodgeRH, KaiserD, WalkerFB, SurattPM. Pulmonary function testing in a general medical practice. J Comm Health1983;8:263–268.
44.
LossRW, HallWJ, SpeersDM. Evaluation of early airway disease in smokers: Cost effectiveness of pulmonary function testing. Am J Med Sci1979;278:27–37.
45.
BuistAS, Van FleetDL, RossBB. A comparison of conventional spirometric tests and the test of closing volume in an emphysema screening center. Am Rev Respir Dis1973;107:735–743.
46.
BuistAS, VollmerWM, JohnsonLR, McCammantLE. Does the single-breath N2 test identify the smoker who will develop chronic airflow limitation?Am Rev Respir Dis1988;137:293–301.
47.
BeatyTH, MenkesHA, CohenBH, NewillCA. Risk factors associated with longitudinal change in pulmonary function. Am Rev Respir Dis1984;129:660–667.
48.
OlfssonJ, BakeB, SvardsvddK, SkooghBE. The single breath N2-test predicts the rate of decline in FEV1. Eur J Respir Dis1986;69:46–56.
49.
StanescuDC, RodensteinDO, HoevenC, RobertA."Sensitive tests" are poor predictors of the decline in forced expiratory volume in one second in middle-aged smokers. Am Rev Respir Dis1987;135:585–590.
50.
PettyTL, PiersonDJ, DickNP, HudsonLD, WalkerSH. Follow-up evaluation of a prevalence study for chronic bronchitis and chronic airway obstruction. Am Rev Respir Dis1976;114:881–890.
51.
BurrowsB, KnudsonRJ, CamilleAE, LyleSK, LebowitzMD. The "horse-racing effect" and predicting decline in forced expiratory volume in one second from screening spirometry. Am Rev Respir Dis1987;135:788–793.
52.
VedalS, CrapoRO. False positive rates of multiple pulmonary function tests in healthy subjects. Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir1983;19:263–266.
53.
FletcherC, PetoR.The natural history of chronic airflow obstruction. Br Med J1977;1:1645–1648.
54.
BlackLF. Early diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Mayo Clin Proc1982;57:765–772.
55.
BuistAS, SextonGJ, NagyJM, RossBB. The effect of smoking cessation and modification on lung function. Am Rev Respir Dis1976;114:115–122.
56.
BuistAS, NagyJM, SextonGJ. The effect of smoking cessation on pulmonary function: A 30-month follow-up of two smoking cessation clinics. Am Rev Respir Dis1979;120:953–957.
57.
CamilleAE, BurrowsB, KnudsonRJ, LyleSK, LebowitzM.Longitudinal changes in forced respiratory volume in one second in adults: Effects of smoking and smoking cessation. Am Rev Respir Dis1987;135:794–799.
58.
HepperNG, DrageCW, DaviesSF, . Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A community-oriented program including professional education and screening by a voluntary health agency. Am Rev Respir Dis1980;121:97–104.
59.
BakerTR, OscherwitzM, CorlinR, JarboeT, TeischJ, NichamanMZ. Screening and treatment program for mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. JAMA1970;214:1448–1455.
60.
HudgelDW, PettyTL, BaidwanB, HarrisonA.A community pulmonary disease screening effort. Chest1978;74:619–623.
