Localism is an ideology suggesting that small changes in economic organisation can foster widespread social change. However, it lacks an understanding of how capital centralization sets limits on the viability of decentralized production, local technologies and ethical small business. Localism shares the same bias towards individual exchange as the market economies it wants to reform.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Key Small Business Statistics. (2010) Ottawa: Industry Canada.
2.
How green are small businesses? A snapshot of environmental awareness and practice in small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). (2002) Bristol: Environment Agency.
3.
AlboG. (2009) Personal Communication 17 September, Toronto.
4.
AlbrittonR. (2009) Let Them Eat Junk: How Capitalism Creates Hunger and Obesity.London: Pluto.
5.
BaranP., and SweezyP. (1966) Monopoly Capital.New York: Monthly Review Press.
6.
BedardD. (2009) Editors’ Picks: Lower “food miles” may not be greener.Farm Business Communications 27 July.
7.
BerryW. (1996) Conserving Communities. In (eds) ManderJ., GoldsmithE.The Case Against The Global Economy, and For A Turn Toward the LocalSan Francisco: Sierra Club Books.
8.
BiehlJ., and BookchinM. (1998) The politics of social ecology: libertarian municipalism.Montreal: Black Rose Books
9.
CarrlsonC. (2008) Nowtopia: how pirate programmers, outlaw bicyclists, and vacant-lot gardeners are inventing the future today.Oakland: AK Press.
10.
CunninghamM., and HoustonD. (2004) The Andersonville Study of Retail Economics.Chicago: Civic Economics.
11.
DalyH. (1996) Beyond Growth: The Economics of Sustainable Development.Boston: Beacon Press.
12.
DalyH.E., and FarleyJ. (2004) Ecological economics: principles and applications.Washington: Island Press.
13.
DavidsonN. (2006) From Uneven to Combined Development.100 Years of Permanent Revolution: Results and Prospects. Eds. DunnBill, and RadiceHugo. London: Pluto Press.
14.
de SteiguerJ. (2006) The Origins of Modern Environmental Thought.Tucson: The University of Arizona Press.
15.
EngelsF. (1983) The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State.Moscow: Progress Publishers.
16.
EstillL. (2008) Small is possible: Life in a local economy.Gabriola Island: New Society Publishers.
GlassmanJ. (2006) Primitive accumulation, accumulation by dispossession, accumulation by ‘extra-economic’ means.Progress in Human Geography, 30, 5: 608–625.
HahnelR. (2005) Economic justice and democracy: from competition to cooperation.New York: Routledge.
21.
HarveyD. (2006) The Limits To Capital.London: Verso.
22.
HirschmanAlbert O. (1968) “The Political Economy of Import-Substituting Industrialization in Latin America.”The Quarterly Journal of Economics82.1: 1–32. Scholars Portal. Web. 17 May 2007.
23.
InghamJeffrey (2004) The Nature of Money.Cambridge: Polity Press.
24.
KingsolverB. (2007) Animal, vegetable, miracle: a year of food life.New York: HarperCollins Publishers.
25.
KovelJ. (2007) The enemy of nature: the end of capitalism or the end of the world?Second edn, New York: Zed Books.
26.
MallettT., and WongQ. (2008) Wage Watch: A Comparison of Public-sector and Private-sector Wages.Canadian Federation of Independent Business.
27.
MandelE. (1977) Late Capitalism.London: New Left Books.
MarxK. (1981) Capital: A Critique of Political Economy, Volume Three.London: Penguin Books.
30.
MarxK. (1977) Capital: A Critique of Political Economy, Volume One.New York: Vintage Books.
31.
McKibbenW. (2007) Deep economy: the wealth of communities and the durable future.New York: Times Books.
32.
McNallyD. (1993) Against the Market: Political Economy, Market Socialism and the Marxist Critique.London: Verso.
33.
Meeker-LowryS. (1996) Community Money: The Potential of Local Currency. In (eds) ManderJ., GoldsmithE.The Case Against The Global Economy, and For A Turn Toward the Local.San Francisco: Sierra Club Books.
34.
MorrisD. (1996) Communities: Building Authority, Responsibility, and Capacity. In (eds) ManderJ., GoldsmithE.The Case Against The Global Economy, and For A Turn Toward the Local.San Francisco: Sierra Club Books.
35.
Norberg-HodgeH. (1996) Shifting Direction: From Global Dependence to Local Interdependence. In (eds) ManderJ., GoldsmithE.The Case Against The Global Economy, and For A Turn Toward the Local.San Francisco: Sierra Club Books.
36.
O'ConnorJ. (1973) The Fiscal Crisis of the State.New York: St. Martin's Press, Inc.
37.
PatelR. (2007) Stuffed and Starved: markets, power and the hidden battle for the world food system.London: Portobello.
38.
PelletierN., TyedmersP., and SonessonU. (2009) Not All Salmon Are Created Equal: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Global Salmon Farming Systems.Environmental Science and Technology, 43, 23: 8730–8736.
39.
PetriniC. (2007) Slow Food Nation: Why Our Food Should Be Good, Clean and Fair.New York: Rissoli Ex Libris.
40.
Private Firms, Establishments, Employment, Annual Payroll and Receipts by Firm Size, 1988–2007 (2011) 02 March, U.S. Small Business Administration, Office of Advocacy. http://archive.sba.gov/advo/research/data.html.f Accessed 03 March 2011
41.
ProudhonP. (1972) General Idea of the Revolution in the Nineteenth Century.New York: Gordon Press.
42.
Saad FilhoA. (2004) Towards a Pro-poor Development Strategy for Middle-Income Countries: A Comment on Bresser-Pereira and Nakano.Brazilian Journal of Political Economy, 24, 1: 130–135.
43.
SargeantW., and MoutrayC. (2010) The Small Business Economy: A Report to the President.Washington: U.S. Small Business Administration, Office of Advocacy.
44.
SchumacherE.F. (1999) Small is Beautiful: Economics as if People Mattered.25 Years later… with commentaries.Vancouver: Hartley & Marks Publishers Inc.
45.
ShumanM. (2007) The Small-Mart revolution: how local businesses are beating the global competition.San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler Publishers, Inc.
46.
SmithA., and MacKinnonJ. (2007) The 100 Mile Diet.Toronto: Random House Canada.
47.
TherbornG. (1976) Science, Class and Society: On the Formation of Sociology and Historical Materialism.London: NLB.
48.
WeberC.L., and MatthewsH.S. (2008) Food-miles and the relative climate impacts of food choices in the United States.Environmental Science and Technology, 42, 10: 3508–3513.
49.
WeissmanD. (2004) Breaking The Chains.Chicago Sun-Times 04 June, Accessed 17 August 2009.
50.
WoodhouseP. (2010) “Beyond Industrial Agriculture? Some Questions about Farm Size, Productivity and Sustainability.”Journal of Agrarian Change10, 3: 437–453.
