Sage Journals: Discover world-class research

Abstract

Immunization noncompliance is a public health issue. Vaccines have been noted as one of the most effective public health interventions against the spread of infectious disease. However, there is an increase in the number of nonmedical exemptions and vaccine hesitancy. This has been linked to a decrease in the fear of contracting vaccine preventable diseases to public concerns regarding vaccine safety. Research has shown that decreased vaccine coverage lessens the effect of herd immunity placing those who are unvaccinated or unable to be vaccinated at increased risk of contracting vaccine preventable diseases. These factors have led to legislative action with some states implementing stricter exemption laws and stronger enforcement of vaccine mandates. Within the school setting, the school nurse is in a unique position working within both the educational and healthcare domains. The monitoring of immunizations is a key and vital factor in ensuring the health and safety of the school community.

Keywords

immunizations vaccinations vaccine hesitancy nonmedical exemptions school nurse

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Barraza

Schmit

Hoss

(2017). The latest in vaccine policies: Selected issues in school vaccinations, healthcare worker vaccinations, and pharmacist vaccination authority laws. Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics, 45(S1), 16-19. doi:10.1177/1073110517703307

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2015a). History of vaccine safety. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/vaccinesafety/ensuringsafety/history/index.html

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2015b). States school immunization requirements and vaccine exemption laws. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/phlp/docs/school-vaccinations.pdf

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2017). Does your back-to-school checklist include vaccination? Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/features/catchupimmunizations/index.html

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2018). VFC infographic: 20 Years of protection. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/programs/vfc/20-year-infographic.html

Constable

Blank

N. R.

Caplan

A. L.

(2014). Rising rates of vaccine exemptions: Problems with current policy and more promising remedies. Vaccine, 32, 1793-1797. doi:10.1026/j.vaccine.2014.01.085

Edwards

K. M.

Hackell

J. M.

(2016). Countering vaccine hesitancy. Pediatrics, 138(3), e1-e14. doi:10.1542/peds.2016-2146

Groom

Hopkins

D. P.

Pabst

L. J.

Murphy-Morgan

Patel

Calonge

, . . . The Community Preventive Services Task Force. (2015). Immunization information systems to increase vaccination rates: A community guide systematic review. Journal of Public Health Management & Practice, 21, 227-248. doi:10.1097/PHH.0000000000000069

Hamborskey

Kroger

Wolfe

(Eds.). (2015). Epidemiology and prevention of vaccine-preventable diseases (13th ed.). Washington, DC: Public Health Foundation.

10.

Robinson

C. L.

Romero

J. R.

Kemp

Pellegrini

Szilagyi

(2018). Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommended immunization schedule for children and adolescents aged 18 years or younger: United States, 2018. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 67, 156-157. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6705e2

11.

Sadaf

Richards

J. L.

Glanz

Salmon

D. A.

Omer

S. B.

(2013). A systematic review of interventions for reducing parental vaccine refusal and vaccine hesitancy. Vaccine, 31, 4293-4304. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.07.013

12.

Seither

Calhoun

Street

E. J.

Mellerson

Knighton

C. L.

Tippins

Underwood

J. M.

(2017). Vaccination coverage for selected vaccines, exemption rates, and provisional enrollment among children in kindergarten: United States, 2016–17 school year. MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 66, 1073-1080. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6640a3

13.

Siddiqui

Salmon

D. A.

Omer

S. B.

(2013). Epidemiology of vaccine hesitancy in the United States. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 9, 2643-2648. doi:10.4161/hv.27243

14.

Wang

Clymer

Davis-Hayes

Buttenheim

(2014). Nonmedical exemptions from school immunization requirements: A systematic review. American Journal of Public Health, 104(11), e62-e84. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302190

15.

World Health Organization. (2018). Addressing vaccine hesitancy. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/immunization/programmes_systems/vaccine_hesitancy/en/

Immunization Noncompliance: Gauging the Cause,Effect,and Management in the School Setting

Abstract

Keywords

Get full access to this article

References