Images in Clinical Neurology: Relapsing Anti-GAD65-Associated Encephalitis Responsive to Thymoma Resection,Radiation,and Immunomodulatory Therapy

Abstract

Herein we describe a case of relapsing anti-GAD65-associated encephalitis which was responsive to the combination of thymoma resection, external beam radiotherapy, and immunomodulatory therapy. The case illustrates the value of remaining vigilant for the possibility of paraneoplastic syndromes in the context of anti-GAD65 antibodies and thymoma. It also illustrates that tumor-directed therapies may offer additional benefit beyond immunomodulatory therapy alone.