Cpne7 Peptides Enhance the Osteogenic Potential of Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Abstract

Cartilage and osteochondral disorders pose an increasing clinical, economic, and social challenge. With an aging population, there is a need to develop innovative, nonsurgical strategies for treating defects, fractures, and other osteochondral disorders. Bone implants require surgical intervention, carry a risk of complications, are expensive, and do not always provide comfort to the patient. Alternatively, stimulation of bone regeneration using synthetic peptides is a promising and less invasive option in the treatment of trauma, orthopedics, craniofacial surgery, and dentistry. In the present study, we evaluated the biological effects of two peptides: the novel peptide UG27 and CDP4 derived from the protein Cpne7 (Copine 7), on the activity of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Using labeling, differentiation, and imaging methods, we demonstrated the effect of UG27 on viability, biomineralization, extracellular matrix, and calcium salt growth in osteocytes. The peptides were immunologically safe and stimulated cell migration without showing any cytotoxic effects. The peptide, UG27, has an active connection with the biomaterial and is a promising compound in bone injury therapies.

Impact Statement

This study has significant translational potential, combining adipose-derived stem cells with an osteoinductive peptide featuring a controlled-release linker, leading to the repair of bone defects. The peptide promotes osteogenic differentiation and may aid osteocyte cultivation by stimulating a collagen- and calcium-rich extracellular matrix. This less invasive, personalized approach could accelerate healing compared to traditional bone grafts. These findings could benefit osteoporotic patients, those undergoing long-term steroid therapy, those with bone defects and fractures, and dental patients following tooth extractions.