Nine samples of Xylopia rubescens Oliv. (Annonaceae) trunk bark oil have been analyzed by combination of GC(RI) and 13C NMR. The contents of the major components varied substantially from sample to sample: (8Z,11Z,14Z)-heptadeca-8,11–14-trien-2-one (14.7–33.0%), furanoguaia-1,4-diene (0–36.8%) and β-pinene (0.9–29.0%). The content of a few components reached punctually an appreciable amount: α-pinene (up to 10.7%), germacrene D (up to 12.0%), bicyclogermacrene (up to 10.0%) and spathulenol (up to 10.0%). X. rubescens trunk bark oil displayed a fair chemical variability.
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