The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of six EOs against Rhopalosiphum padi L. (Homoptera: Aphididae). This aphid is one of the most important cereal pests worldwide. EOs used in this study were from cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.; Apiaceae), hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L.; Lamiaceae), costmary (Tanacetum balsamita L. syn. Chrysanthemum balsamita L. Baill; Asteraceae), lovage (Levisticum officinale W.D.J. Koch; Apiaceae), lavander (Lavandula angustifolia Mill; Lamiaceae) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.; Lamiaceae). Cultivar ORCF-10, a soft white winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cv. ‘Alba’ were selected for the bioassays. Each EO was diluted with acetone (w/v) at different concentrations ranging from 0.1 % to 1.0 %. Number of R. padi landing on treated or untreated leaves was counted 24 h after the initial aphid transfer. In general, the repellency effect increased as the concentration of EOs increased regardless of treatments with the exception of lovage. Regardless of the substrate and treatment, lower numbers of aphids were observed on treated leaves at higher concentrations compared to the untreated control stressing the repellency effect. This study demonstrated that the EOs of cumin, hyssop, costmary, lavender, and thyme may have potential for aphids control.
MetcalfRL, LuckmannWL. (1994) Introduction to insect pest management. 3rd edition. Wiley. Pp 672
2.
BaileyA, ChandlerD, GrantWP, GreavesJ, PrinceG, TatchellM. (2010) Biopesticides - Pest Management and Regulation. CABI. Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
3.
TanwarSR, DurejaP, Singh RathoreH. (2012) Biopesticides. pp. 587–601. In RathoreHS and NolletLML. (eds). Pesticides: Evaluation of Environmental Pollution. Taylor & Francis Group, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA
4.
CéspedesCL. (2013) Antioxidant and Biocidal Activities from Natural Sources: an Overview. pp. 1–10. In CéspedesCL, SampietroDA, SeiglerDS, and RaiM. (eds.), Natural antioxidants and biocides from wild medicinal plants. Edited by. CABI, Boston Massachusetts, USA
5.
IsmanMB, MiresmailliS, MachialC. (2010) Commercial opportunities for pesticides based on plant essential oils in agriculture, industry and consumer products. Phytochemistry Review, 10, 197–204
6.
IsmanMB. (1999) Pesticides based on plant essential oils. Pesticide Outlook, 10, 68–72
7.
FelšöciováS, KačániováM, HorskáE, VukovicN, HlebaL, PetrováJ, RovnáK, StričíkM, HajduováZ. (2015) Antifungal activity of essential oils against selected terverticillate penicillia. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine, 22, 38–42
8.
JirovetzL, BuchbauerG, StoyanovaAS, GeorgievEV, DamianovaST. (2005) Composition, quality control and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) seeds from Bulgaria that had been stored for up to 36 years. International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 40, 305–310
9.
YousefkadiM, EbrahimiSN, SonboliA, MiraghasiF, GhiasiS, ArmanM, MosaffaN. (2009) Cytotoxicity, antimicrobial activity and composition of essential oil from Tanacetum balsamita L. subsp balsamita. Natural Product Communications, 4, 119–122
10.
ZheljazkovVD, AstatkieT, HristovAN. (2012) Lavender and hyssop productivity, oil content, and bioactivity as a function of harvest time and drying. Industrial Crops and Products, 36, 222–228
11.
ManciniE, SenatoreF, Del MonteD, De MartinoL, GrulovaD, ScognamiglioM, SnoussiM, De FeoV. (2015) Studies on chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of five Thymus vulgaris L. essential oils. Molecules, 20, 12016–12028
12.
NabaviSM, MarcheseA, IzadiM, CurtiV, DagliaM, NabaviaSF. (2015) Plants belonging to the genus Thymus as antibacterial agents: From farm to pharmacy. Food Chemistry, 173, 339–347
13.
KediaA, PrakashB, MishraPK, DubeyNK. (2014) Antifungal and antiaflatoxigenic properties of Cuminum cyminum (L.) seed essential oil and its efficacy as a preservative in stored commodities. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 168–169, 1–7
14.
HristovaY, WannerJ, JirovetzL, StappenI, IlievI, GochevV. (2015) Chemical composition and antifungal activity of essential oil of Hyssopus officinalis L. from Bulgaria against clinical isolates of Candida species. Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment, 29, 592–601
15.
FaraoneN, HillierNK, CutlerGCH. (2015) Plant essential oils synergize and antagonize toxicity of different conventional insecticides against Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae). PLoS ONE, 10, 1–12
16.
Gonzalez-ColomaA, ReinaM, DiazCE, FragaBM, Santana-MeridasO. (2013) Natural product-based biopesticides for insect control. In ReedijkJ. (Ed.) Elsevier reference Module in Chemistry, Molecular Sciences and Chemical Engineering. Waltham, Massachusetts, USA.
17.
PikeK, SchaffnerRL. (1985) Development of autumn populations of cereal aphids, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) and Schizaphis graminum (Rondani) (Homoptera: Aphididae) and their effects on winter wheat in Washington State. Journal of Economic Entomology, 78
PelletierY, NielX, McClureN, WhitneyS, GiguereMA. (2008) Behavior of bird cherry oat aphid and green peach aphid in relation to potato virus Y transmission. Journal of Economic Entomology, 101, 728–735
20.
D'ArcyCJ. (1995) Symptomatology and host range of barley yellow dwarf. pp. 9–28. In D'ArcyC.J. and BurnettP.A. (ed.), ‘Barley Yellow Dwarf – 40 Years of Progress’. APS Press, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
21.
Jaramillo-ColoradoB, Julio-Torres, Duarte-RestrepoE, Gonzalez-ColomaA, Julio-TorresLF. (2015) Comparative study of volatile composition and biological activities of essential oil from Colombian Piper marginatum Jacq. Boletin Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Plantas Medicinales y Aromaticas, 14, 343–354
22.
JulioLF, BurilloJ, GiménezC, CabreraR, DíazCE, SanzJ, González-ColomaA. (2015) Chemical and biocidal characterization of two cultivated Artemisia absinthium populations with different domestication levels. Industrial Crops and Products, 76, 787–792.
23.
SchröderML, GlinwoodR, IgnellR, KrügerK. (2015) Landing preference and reproduction of Rhopalosiphum padi (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in the laboratory on three maize, potato, and wheat cultivars. Journal of Insect Science, 15, 63. DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iev048
24.
PowellG, ToshCR, HardieJ. (2006) Host plant selection by aphids: behavioral, evolutionary, and applied perspectives. Annual Review of Entomology, 51, 309–330
25.
GuldemondJA. (1990) Choice of host plant as a factor in reproductive isolation of the aphid genus Cryptomyzus (Homoptera, Aphididae). Ecological Entomology, 15, 43–51
26.
GorurG, LomonacoC, MackenzieA. (2007) Phenotypic plasticity in host choice behavior in black bean aphid, Aphis fabae (Homoptera: Aphididae). Arthropod-Plant Interactions, 1, 187–194
27.
MüllerCB, WilliamsIS, HardieJ. (2001) The role of nutrition, crowding and interspecific interactions in the development of winged aphids. Ecological Entomology, 26, 330–340.
28.
ShiwakotiS, ZheljazkovVD, SchlegelV, CantrellCL. (2016) Growing spearmint, thyme, oregano, and rosemary in Northern Wyoming using plastic tunnels. Industrial Crops and Products, 94, 251–258
29.
ZheljazkovVD. (2016) Allelopathic effects of 10 essential oils on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat. International Scientific Symposium Horticulture, Food and Environment. Priorities and perspectives. 27–28 October 2016. Craiova, Romania
30.
ZheljazkovVD. (2009) Cultivation of medicinal plants with commercial potential. Annual Meeting of the Alabama Medicinal Plants Association (invited talk). Aug 14–15, Auburn University, Montgomery, AL
31.
Burgueño-TapiaE, CastilloL, Gonzalez-ColomaA, Joseph-NathanP. (2008) Antifeedant and phytotoxic activity of the sesquiterpene p-benzoquinone pere-zone and some of its derivatives. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 34, 766–771
32.
StatsoftI. (2013) STATISTICA (data analysis software system), version 12.0. www.statsoft.com
33.
FriggeM, HoglinD, IglewiczB. (1989) Some implications of the boxplots. The American Statistician, 43, 50–54.
