The hydro-distilled essential oil obtained from the roots of V. cinerea Less. (Asteraceae) was investigated by gas chromatography equipped with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Twenty-five constituents were identified, which represented 97.4% of the total oil. The major compounds were α-muurolene (30.7%), β-caryophyllene (9.6%), α-selinene (8.7%), cyperene (6.7%) and α-gurjunene (6.5%). The essential oil was dominated by sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (87.8%).
HainesHH. (2006) The Botany of Bihar and Orissa, Shiva Offset Press, Dehradun, India, 460–461.
2.
IwalewaEO, IwalewaOJ, AdeboyeJO. (2003) Analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory effects of Vernonia cinerea Less leaf. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 86, 229–234.
3.
KumarPP, KuttanG. (2009) Vernonia cinerea L. scavenges free radicals and regulates nitric oxide and pro inflammatory cytokines profile in carrageenan induced paw edema model. Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology, 31, 94–102.
4.
YounUJ, ParkEJ, KondratyukTP, SimmonsCJ, BorrisRP, TanamatayaratP, WongwiwatthananukitS, ToyamaO, SongsakT, PezzutoJM, ChangLC. (2012) Anti-inflammatory sesquiterpene lactones from the flower of Vernonia cinerea. Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 22, 5559–5562.
5.
GokilaveniC, NishadhA, SelviV. (2006) Ameliorative role of Vernonia cinerea in carbon tetrachloride induced hepatic dysfunction in rats. Ancient Science of Life, 25, 1–5.
6.
AdeboyeJO, AsijeW, AweSO. (1997) Diuretic and antidiuretic activity of the leaf extracts of Vernonia cinerea. Phytotherapy Research, 11, 454–456.
7.
RizviSMD, BiswasD, ArifJM, ZeeshanM. (2011) In-vitro antibacterial and antioxidant potential of leaf and flower extracts of Vernonia cinerea and their phytochemical constituents. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research, 9, 164–169.
8.
ArivoliS, TennysonS, MartinJJ. (2011) Larvicidal efficacy of Vernonia cinerea (L.) (Asteraceae) leaf extracts against the filarial vector Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae). Journal of Biopesticides, 4, 37–42.
LaiGR, WuCS. (2013) Analyzing of major active luteolin in Vernonia cinerea. International Journal of Bioscience, Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, 3, 363–367.
12.
JoshiRK. (2013) Essential oil of flowers of Anaphalis contorta, an aromatic and medicinal plant from India. Natural Product Communications, 8, 225–226.
13.
JoshiRK. (2013) Chemical composition of the essential oil of Baccharoides lilacina from India. Natural Product Communications, 8, 401–402.
14.
JoshiRK. (2011) GC/MS analysis of the essential oil of Senecio belgaumensis flowers. Natural Product Communications, 6, 1145–1146.
15.
JoshiRK. (2014) Chemical composition of the essential oil of Croton bonplandianus from India. Natural Product Communications, 9, 269–270.
16.
AdamsRP. (2007) Identification of essential oil components by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, 4th ed. Allured Publ. Corp., Carol Stream, IL.