Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.), tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus L.) and Mexican arnica (Heterotheca inuoides) are common compositae spices and herbs found in the US market. They contain flavonoids and hydroxycinnamates that are potentially beneficial to human health. A standardized LC-PDA-ESI/MS profiling method was used to identify 51 flavonoids and 17 hydroxycinnamates. Many of the identifications were confirmed with authentic standards or through references in the literature or the laboratory's database. More than half of the phenol compounds for each spice had not been previously reported. The phenolic profile can be used for plant authentication and to correlate with biological activities.
LeungAY, FosterS. (1996) Chamomile, Tarragon. In Encyclopedia of common natural ingredients used in food, drugs and cosmetics; LeungAY, FosterS. (Eds), Second edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York. 145–147, 487–489.
2.
SrivastavaJK, ShankarE, GuptaS. (2010) Chamomile: a herbal medicine of the past with bright future. Molecular Medicine Report, 3, 895–901.
3.
KatoA, MinoshimaY, YamamotoJ, AdachiI, WatsonAA, NashRJ. (2008) Protective effects of dietary chamomile tea on diabetic complications. Journal of Agricultural & Food Chemistry, 56, 8206–8211.
4.
SrivastavaJK, GuptaS. (2007) Antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of chamomile extract in various human cancer cells. Journal of Agricultural & Food Chemistry, 55, 9470–9478.
5.
Coballase-UrrutiaE, Pedraza-ChaverriJ, Camacho-CarranzaR, Cárdenas-RodríguezN, Huerta-GertrudisB, Medina-CamposON, Mendoza-CruzM, Delgado-LamasG, Espinosa-AguirreJJ. (2010) Antioxidant activity of Heterotheca inuloides extracts and of some of its metabolites. Toxicology, 276, 41–48.
6.
DelgadoG, del Socorro OlivaresM, ChávezMI, Ramírez-ApanT, LinaresE, ByeR, Espinosa-GarcíaFJ. (2001) Antiinflammatory constituents from Heterotheca inuloides. Journal of Natural Products, 64, 861–864.
7.
HarborneJB, BaxterH. (1999) Artemisia spp., Matricaria chamolilla, Heterotheca spp. in “The handbook of natural flavonoids”. HarborneJB, BaxterH. (Eds), Vol. 1, John Wiley & Sons, LTD.New York. pp. 826–827, 862, and 854.
JergaC, MerfortI, WilluhnG. (1990) Flavonoid glycosides and other hydrophilic compounds from flowers of Heterotheca inuloides. Planta Medica, 56, 413–415.
LogendraS, RibnickyDM, YangH, PoulevA, MaJ, KennellyEJ, RaskinI. (2006) Bioassay-guided isolation of aldose reductase inhibitors from Artemisia dracunculus. Phytochemistry, 67, 1539–1546.
13.
VienneM, BraemerR, ParisM, CoudercH. (1989) Chemotaxonomic study of two cultivars of Artemisia dracunculus L.: (“French” and “Russian” Tarragon). Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 17, 373–374.
14.
CarnatA, CarnatAP, FraisseD, RicouxL, LamaisonJL. (2004) The aromatic and polyphenolic composition of Roman chamomile tea. Fitoterapia, 75, 32–38.
15.
ŠvehlıkováV, RichardN., BennettRN, MellonFA, NeedsPW, PiacenteS, KroonPA, BaoY. (2004) Isolation, identification and stability of acylated derivatives of apigenin 7-O-glucoside from chamomile (Chamomilla recutita [L.] Rauschert). Phytochemistry, 65, 2323–2332.
16.
FonsecaFN, TavaresMFM. (2004) Validation of a capillary electrophoresis method for the quantitative determination of free and total apigenin in extracts of Chamomilla recutita. Phytochemical Analysis, 15, 65–70.
17.
ScalbertA, ManachC, MorandC, RémésyC, JiménezL. (2005) Dietary polyphenols and the prevention of diseases. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 45, 287–306.
18.
JustesenU. (2000) Negative atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation low-energy collision activation mass spectrometry for the characterisation of flavonoids in extracts of fresh herbs. Journal of Chromatography A, 902, 369–379.
19.
NovákováL, VildováA, MateusJP, GonçalvesT, SolichP. (2010) Development and application of UHPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of phenolic compounds in chamomile flowers and chamomile tea extracts. Talanta, 82, 1271–1280.
20.
SrivastavaJK, GuptaS. (2009) Extraction, characterization, stability and biological activity of flavonoids isolated from chamomile flowers. Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, 1, 138.
21.
EisenmanSW, PoulevA, StruweL, RaskinI, RibnickyDM. (2011) Qualitative variation of anti-diabetic compounds in different tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus L.) cytotypes. Fitoterapia, 82, 1062–1074.
22.
MulinacciN, RomaniA, PinelliP, VincieriFF, PrucherD. (2000) Characterization of Matricaria recutita L. flower extracts by HPLC-MS and HPLC-DAD analysis. Chromatographia, 51, 301–307.
23.
FonsecaFN, TavaresMFM, HorvathC. (2007) Capillary electrochromatography of selected phenolic compounds of Chamomilla recutita. Journal of Chromatography A, 1154, 390–399.
24.
LinL-Z, SunJ, ChenP, HarnlyJM. (2011) UPLC-PDA-EIS/HRMS/MSn analysis of anthocyanins, flavonol glycosides and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives in red mustard green (Brassica juncea Coss variety). Journal of Agricultural & Food Chemistry, 59, 12059–12072.
25.
LinL-Z, HarnlyJM. (2007) A screening method for the identification of glycosylated flavonoids and other phenolic compounds using a standard analytical approach for all plant materials. Journal of Agricultural & Food Chemistry, 55, 1084–1096.
26.
LinL-Z, HarnlyJM. (2008) Identification of hydroxycinnamoylquinic acids of arnica flower and burdock roots using a standardized LC-DAD-ESI/MS method. Journal of Agricultural & Food Chemistry, 56, 10105–10114.
27.
LinL-Z, HarnlyJM. (2010) Identification of the phenolic components of chrysanthemum flower (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat). Food Chemistry, 120, 319–326.
