The screening for insecticidal principles from several Chinese medicinal herbs showed that the stem bark of Erythrina variegata var. orientalis possessed significant feeding deterrence against maize weevils, Sitophilus zeamais. Bioassay-directed fractionation of the stem bark extract of E. variegata var. orientalis resulted in the isolation of two alkaloids, identified as erysopine and erysovine from their spectroscopic data. Erysopine and erysovine possessed antifeedant activity against S. zeamais adults with EC50 values of 108.5 and 89.7 ppm, respectively
Jiangsu New Medical College (1997) Dictionary of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Shanghai Science & Technology Press, Shanghai, 1941–1942.
2.
AmerME, ShammaM, FreyerAJ. (1991) The tetracyclic Erythrina alkaloids. Journal of Natural Products, 54, 329–363;
3.
ItoK. (1999) Studies on the alkaloids of Erythrina plants. Yakugaku Zasshi, 119, 340–356;
4.
GhosalS, GhoshDK, DuttaSK. (1990) Occurrence of erysotrine and other alkaloids in Erythrina variegata. Phytochemistry, 9, 2397–2398;
5.
SinghH, ChawlaAS. (1971) Investigation of Erythrina spp. IV Study of the chemical constituents of seeds of Erythrina variegata var. orientalis. Planta Medica, 19, 71–74;
6.
ChawlaHM, SharmaSK. (1993) Erythrinitol, a new isoquinoline alkaloid from Erythrina variegata flowers. Fitoterapia, 64, 15–17.
7.
HuangKF, TsengCF. (1998) Constituents of Erythrina variegata (III). Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal (Taipei), 50, 123–128;
8.
LiXL, WangNL, SauWM, ChenASC, YaoXS. (2006) Four new isoflavonoids from the stem bark of Erythrina variegata. Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 54, 570–573;
9.
TanakaH, HirataM, EtohH, ShinizuH, SakoM, MurataJ, MurtaH, DarnaediD, FukaiT. (2003) Eryvarins F and G, two 3-phenoxychromones from the roots of Erythrina variegata. Phytochemistry, 62, 1243–1246;
10.
TanakaH, SudoM, HirataM, SakoM, SatoM, ChenIS, FukaiT. (2005). Two new isoflavonoids and a new 2-arylbenzofuran from the roots of Erythrina variegata. Heterocycles, 65, 871–877.
11.
TelikepalliH, GollapudiSR, Keshavarz-ShokriA, VelazquezL, SandmannRA, VelizEA, RaoKVJ, MadhaviAS, MitscherLA. (1990) Isoflavonoids and a cinnamyl phenol from root extracts of Erythrina variegata. Phytochemistry, 29, 2005–2007.
12.
ThitimaR, AmpornS, ChatchanaT, SudarutW, ApichartS. (2007) Biological activities of the chemical constituents of Erythrina stricta and Erythrina subumbrans. Archives of Pharmacal Research, 30, 1398–1403;
13.
HuangKF, ChiangJY. (2004) Constituents of the stem bark of Erythrina variegata Linn. Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal (Taipei, Taiwan), 56, 133–139;
14.
SatoM, TanakaH, FujiwaraS, HirataM, YamaguchiR, EtohH, TokudaC. (2003) Antibacterial property of isoflavonoids isolated from Erythrina variegata against cariogenic oral bacteria. Phytomedicine, 10, 427–433;
15.
HegdeVR, DaiP, PatelMG, PuarMS, DasP, PaiJ, BryantR, CoxPA. (1997) Phospholipase A2 inhibitors from an Erythrina species from Samoa. Journal of Natural Products, 60, 537–539.
16.
Garcia-MateosR, Pena-ValdiviaCB, Soto-HernandezM. (2002) Phytotoxicity of crude alkaloid fractions from Erythrina americana. Journal of Mexico Chemical Society, 46, 4–9;
17.
Garcia-MateosR, Perez-PachecoR, Rodriguez-HernandezC, Soto-HernandezM. (2004) Toxicity of alkaloids of Erythrina americana on larvae of mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus. Revista Fitotecnia Mexicana, 27, 297–303
18.
SinghH, ChawlaAS, KapoorVK, KumarN, PiatakDM, NowickiW. (1981) Investigation of Erythrina spp. IX. Chemical constituents of Erythrina stricta bark. Journal of Natural Products, 44, 526–629;
19.
ChawlaAS, ChunchatprasertS, JacksonAH. (1983) Studies of Erythrina alkaloids. VII. Carbon-13 NMR spectral studies of some Erythrina alkaloids. Organic Magnetic Resonance, 21, 39–41.
20.
ChenCC, ChangSJ, ChengLL, HouRF. (1996) Effects of chinaberry fruit extract on feeding, growth and fecundity of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L. (Lep., Yponomeutidae). Journal of Applied Entomology, 120, 341–345.
21.
LiuZL, XuYJ, WuJ, GohSH, HoSH. (2002) Feeding deterrents from Dictamnus dasycarpus against two stored-product insects. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 50, 1447–1450;
22.
XieYS, BodnarykRP, FieldsPG. (1996) A rapid and simple flour-disk bioassay for testing substances active against stored-product insects. Canadian Entomologist, 128, 865–875;
23.
ManuwotoS, ScriberJM. (1982) Consumption and utilization of three maize genotypes by the southern armyworm. Journal of Economic Entomology, 75, 163–167;
24.
FarrarRRJr, BabourJD, KennedyGG. (1989) Quantifying food consumption and growth in insects. Annals of Entomological Society of America, 82, 593–598.