The hydrodistillated seed essential oil of Calocedrus formosana was analyzed to determine its composition and yield. Twenty-seven compounds were identified, the main ones being α-pinene (63.8%), totarol (9.9%) and ferruginol (8.9%). Monoterpene hydrocarbons (73.5%) and oxygenated diterpenes (18.8%) were the predominant groups of compounds. The seed essential oil exhibited excellent antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-wood-decay fungal activities.
KuoPC. (1995) The Precious 5 Conifers of Taiwan. Chinese Forestry Association, Taipei, Taiwan.
2.
ChangHT, ChengSS, ChangST, SuYC, TasiKH, ChenWJ. (2003) Mosquitocidal activity of leaf essential oil and its components from Calocedrus formosana. Quarterly Journal of Chinese Forestry, 3673-79;
3.
ChaoKP, HuaKF, HsuHY, SuYC, ChangST. (2005) Anti-inflammatory activity of sugiol, a diterpene isolated from Calocedrus formosana bark. Planta Medica, 71300-305;
4.
ChengSS, WuCL, ChangHT, KaoYT, ChangST. (2004) Antitermitic and antifungal activities of essential oil of Calocedrus formosana leaf and its composition. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 301957-1967;
5.
ChangHT, ChengYH, WuaCL, ChangST, ChangTT, SuYC. (2008) Antifungal activity of essential oil and its constituents from Calocedrus macrolepis var. formosana Florin leaf against plant pathogenic fungi. Bioresource Technology, 996266-6270;
6.
YenTB, ChangHT, HsiehCC, ChangST. (2008) Antifungal properties of ethanolic extract and its active compounds from Calocedrus macrolepis var. formosana (Florin) heartwood. Bioresource Technology, 994871-4877;
7.
WangSY, WuJH, ChengSS, LoCP, ChangHN, ShyurLF, ChangST. (2004) Antioxidant activity of extracts from Calocedrus formosana leaf, bark, and heartwood. Journal of Wood Science, 50422-426;
8.
WangSY, WuJH, ShyurLF, KuoYH, ChangST. (2002) Antioxidant activity of abietane-type diterpenes from heartwood of Taiwania cryptomerioides Hayata. Holzforschung, 56487-492;
9.
HalliwellB. (1997) Antioxidants and human diseases: A general introduction. Nutrition Reviews, 55, S44-S52;
10.
HaraguchiH, IshikawaH, KuboI. (1997) Antioxidative action of diterpenoids from Podocarpus nagi. Planta Medica, 63, 213-215.
11.
ChenIY. (2003) The antioxidative properties of leaf essential oils of Cinnamomum osmophloeum. MS Thesis, Dept. of Food Tech., Natl. Taiwan Univ., Taipei, Taiwan;
KulisicT, RadonicA, KatalinicV, MilosM. (2004) Use of different methods for testing antioxidative activity of oregano essential oil. Food Chemistry, 85633-640;
14.
MauJL, LaiEyc, WangNP, ChenCC, ChangCH, ChyauCC. (2003) Composition and antioxidant activity of the essential oil from Curcuma zedoaria. Food Chemistry, 82, 583-591.
15.
van den DoolH, KratzPD. (1963) A generalization of the retention index system including linear temperature programmed gasliquid partition chromatography. Journal of Chromatography, 11, 463-471.
16.
BecerraJ, FloresC, MenaJ, AquevequeP, AlarcónJ, BittnerM, HernándezV, HoeneisenM, RuizE, SilvaM. (2002) Antifungal and antibacterial activity of diterpenes isolated from wood extractables of Chilean Podocarpaceae. Boletín de la Sociedad Chilena de Química, 47151-157;
17.
SolísC, BecerraJ, FloresC, RobledoJ, SilvaM. (2004) Antibacterial and antifungal terpenes from Pilgerodendron uviferum (D. Don) Florin. Journal of the Chilean Chemical Society, 49157-161;
18.
BajpaiVK, SharifMA, ChoiUK, LeeJH, KangSC. (2009) Chemical composition, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of leaf essential oil and extracts of Metasequioa glyptostroboides Miki ex Hu. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 471876-1883;
19.
HoCL, WangEic, HsuKP, LeePY, SuYC. (2009) Composition and antimicrobial activities of the leaf essential oil of Litsea kostermansii from Taiwan. Natural Product Communications, 41123-1126;
20.
HoCL, WangEic, LeePY, SuYC. (2009) Composition and antimicrobial activities of the leaf essential oil of Litsea nakaii from Taiwan. Natural Product Communications, 4865-868;
21.
ArifMM, RajSM, JirovetzL, ShafiMP. (2008) Composition and antimicrobial analysis of the essential oil of Litsea laevigata Nees. (Lauraceae). Natural Product Communications, 31069-1072;
22.
HoCL, WangEic, WeiXT, LuSY, SuYC. (2008) Composition and bioactivities of the leaf essential oils of Cinnamomum subavenium Miq. from Taiwan. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 20328-334;
23.
HoCL, LiaoPC, WangEic, DongWZ, SuYC. (2010)Composition and antimicrobial and anti-wood-decay fungal activities of the leaf essential oils of Machilus pseudolongifolia from Taiwan. Natural Product Communications, 5, 1143-1146.
24.
WangSY, WuCL, ChuFH, ChienSC, KuoYH, ShyurLF, ChangST. (2005) Chemical composition and antifungal activities of essential oil isolated from Chamaecyparis formosensis Matsum. wood. Holzforschung, 59295-299;
25.
ChengSS, LinHY, ChangST. (2005) Chemical composition and antifungal activity of essential oils from different tissues of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 53614-619;
26.
RudmanP. (1965) The causes of natural durability in timber. Pt. XVII. The causes of decay and termite resistance in Callitris columellaris F. Muell. Holzforschung, 1952-57;
27.
ChangST, WangSY, WuCL, SuYC, KuoYH. (1999) Antifungal compounds in the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of the extractives of Taiwania (Taiwania cryptomerioides Hayata) heartwood. Holzforschung, 53487-490;
28.
HoCL, WangEic, YuHT, YuHM, SuYC.(2010)Compositions and antioxidant activities of essential oils of different tissues from Cryptomeria japonica D. Don. Quarterly Journal of Chinese Forestry, 32, 63-76.
29.
AdamsRP. (2001) Identification of Essential Oil Components by Gas Chromatography/Quadruple Mass Spectroscopy, Allured, Carol Stream, IL;
30.
MassadaY. (1976) Analysis of Essential Oil by Gas Chromatography and Spectrometry, Wiley, New York.
NCCLS (1999) National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. 9th International Supplement, Wayne PA., M100-S9.
33.
SuYC, HoCL, WangEic, ChangST. (2006) Antifungal activities and chemical compositions of essential oils from leaves of four Eucalypts. Taiwan Journal of Forest Science, 21, 49-61.