Flavanones are one of the most interesting naturally occurring flavonoids in view of their structural pattern as well as biological and pharmacological potentials. The present review deals with natural flavanones reported from 1998 to mid 2007, along with their biological and pharmacological activities. The review includes more than 160 new naturally occurring flavanones from 135 references. The reported flavonoids belong to thirty-six plant families.
ReddyMK, ReddyMVB, JayakrishnaG, GunasekarD, CauxC, BodoB. (2003) Two new flavonoids from Andrographis rothii. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 51, 191–193.
5.
AhmedE, ImranM, MalikA, AshrafM. (2006) Antioxidant activity with flavonoidal constituents from Aerva perisca. Archives of Pharmacal Research, 29, 343–347.
6.
AhmedMS, GalalAM, RossSA, FerreiraD, ElsohlyMA, IbrahimA-RS, MossaJS, El-FeralyFS. (2001) A weakly antimalarial biflavanone from Rhus retinorrhoea. Phytochemistry, 58, 599–602.
7.
WangS, ZhangPC, ChenRY, WangYH, HeWY, YuDQ. (2002), A Novel Dihydroflavone from the Roots of Uvaria macrophylla. Chinese Chemical Letters, 13, 857–858.
8.
ZhangH, WangS, ChengR, YuD. (2002) Studies on chemical constituents of Uvaria macrophylla. Yaoxue Xuebao, 37, 124–127.
9.
TewtrakulS, NakamuraN, HattoriM, FujiwaraT, SupavitaT. (2002) Flavanone and flavonol glycosides from the leaves of Thevetia peruviana and their HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and HIV-1 integrase inhibitory activities. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 50, 630–635.
10.
ZhangSX, TaniT, YamajiS, MaCM, WangMC, CaiSQ, ZhaoYY. (2003) Glycosyl flavonoids from the roots and rhizomes of Asarum longerhizomatosum. Journal of Asian Natural Products Research, 5, 25–30.
11.
FlaggML, WachterGA, DavisAL, MontenegroG, TimmermannBN. (2000) Two Novel Flavanones from Greigia sphacelata. Journal of Natural Products, 63, 1689–1691.
12.
EmamAM, EliasR, MoussaAM, FaureR, DebrauwerL, BalansardG. (1998) Two flavonoid triglycosides from Buddleja madagascariensis. Phytochemistry, 48, 739–742.
13.
AliMS, AhmedF, PervezMK, AzharI, IbrahimSA. (2005) Parkintin: A new flavanone with epoxy-isopentyl moiety from Parkinsonia aculeata Linn. (Caesalpiniaceae). Natural Product Research, 19, 53–56.
14.
DengY, LeeJP, RamamonjyMT, SnyderJK, Des EtagesSA, KanadaD, SnyderR, TurnerCJ. (2000) New antimicrobial flavanones from Physena madagascariensis. Journal of Natural Products, 63, 1082–1089.
15.
BracaA, BiliaAR, MendezJ, MorelliI. (1999) Three flavonoids from Licania densiflora. Phytochemistry, 51, 1125–1128.
16.
SrivastavaSK, SrivastavaSD, ChoukseyBK. (1999) New constituents of Terminalia alata. Fitoterapia, 70, 390–394.
17.
SrivastavaSK, SrivastavaSD. (2004) New biologically active constituents from Terminalia chebula stem bark. Indian Journal of Chemistry, 43B, 2731–1733.
18.
ChanphenR, ThebtaranonthY, WanauppathamkulS, YuthavongY. (1998) Antimalarial principles from Artemisia indica. Journal of Natural Products, 61, 1146–1147.
19.
LiS, KuangHX, OkadaY, OkuyamaT. (2005) New flavanone and chalcone glucosides from Bidens bipinnata Linn. Journal of Asian Natural Products Research, 7, 67–70.
20.
MatsudaH, MorikawaT, ToguchidaI, HarimaS, YoshikawaM. (2002) Medicinal Flowers. VI. Absolute Stereostructures of Two New Flavanone Glycosides and a Phenylbutanoid Glycoside from the Flowers of Chrysanthemum indicum L.: Their Inhibitory Activities for Rat Lens Aldose Reductase. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 50, 972–975.
21.
YadavaRN, SinghSK. (2006) New anti-inflammatory active flavanone glycoside from the Echinops echinatus Roxb. Indian Journal of Chemistry, 45B, 1004–1008.
22.
de CarvalhoMG, de CostaFM, Dos Santos AbrenH. (1999), Flavanones from Vernonia diffusa. Journal of Brazilian Chemical Society, 10, 163–166.
23.
CalanasanCA, MacLeodJK. (1998) A phloroglucinol derivative from cell suspension cultures of Hypericum patulum. Phytochemistry, 47, 1041–1043.
24.
MaverM, QueirozEF, WolfenderJL, HostettmannK. (2005) Flavonoids from the stem of Eriophorum scheuchzeri. Journal of Natural Products, 68, 1094–1098.
TakahashiH, HirataS, MinamiH, FukuyamaY. (2001) Triterpene and flavanone glycoside from Rhododendron simsii. Phytochemistry, 56, 875–879.
27.
JangDS, CuendetM, HawthorneME, KardonoLBS, KawanishiK, FongHHS, MehtaRG, PezzutoJM, KinghornAD. (2002) Prenylated flavonoids of the leaves of Macaranga conifera with inhibitory activity against cyclooxygenase-2. Phytochemistry, 61, 867–872.
28.
TsengMH, ChouCH, ChenYM, KuoYH. (2001) Allelopathic prenylflavanones from the fallen leaves of Macaranga tanarius. Journal of Natural Products, 64, 827–828.
29.
PhommartS, sutthivaivakitP, ChimnoiN, RuchirawatS, SutthivaivakitS. (2005) Constituents of the leaves of Macaranga tanarius. Journal of Natural Products, 68, 927–930.
30.
ZhangYJ, AbeT, TanakaT, YangCR, KounoT. (2002) Two new acylated flavanone glycosides from the leaves and branches of Phyllanthus emblica. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 50, 841–843.
31.
BarakatHH, SoulemanAM, HusseinSAM, IbrahiemOA, NawwarMAM. (1999) Flavonoid galloyl glucosides from the pods of Acacia farnesiana. Phytochemistry, 51, 139–142.
32.
El-ShafaeAM, El-DomiatyMM. (1998) Flavonoidal constituents of the flowers of Acacia saligna. Zagazig Journal of Pharmaceutical Science, 7, 48–53.
YadavaRN, MathewsSR, JainN. (1997) Naringenin-4′-O-alpha-L-rahmnopyranoside: A novel flavanone glycoside from the stem of Crotalaria DC. Journal of the Indian Chemical Society, 74, 426–427.
38.
NanayakkaraNPD, BurandtCLJr., JacobMR. (2002) Flavonoids with activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Dalea scandens var. paucifolia. Planta Medica, 68, 519–522.
39.
KanokmedhakulS, KanokmedhakulK, NambuddeeK, KongsaereeP, (2004) New bioactive prenylflavonoids and dibenzocycloheptene derivative from roots of Dendrolobium lanceolatum. Journal of Natural Products, 67, 968–972.
40.
MahidolC, PrawatH, KaweetripobW, RuchirawatS. (2002) Two new pyranoflavanones from the stems of Derris reticulata. Heterocycles, 57, 1287–1292.
41.
BhattacharyyaJ, MajetichG, JenkinsTM, AltmidaRN. (1998) Dioflorin, a minor flavonoid from Dioclea grandiflora. Journal of Natural Products, 61, 413–414.
42.
JenkinsT, BhattacharyyaJ, MajetichG, TangQ, de FatimaAM, AltmidaRN. (1999) Flavonoids from the root-bark of Dioclea grandiflora. Phytochemistry, 52, 723–730.
43.
YenesewA, MidiwoJO, MiessnerM, HeydenreichM, PeterMG. (1998) Two prenylated flavanones from stem bark of Erythrina burttii. Phytochemistry, 48, 1439–1443.
44.
ChachaM, Bojase–MoletaG, MajindaRRT. (2005) Antimicrobial and radical scavenging flavonoids from the stem wood of Erythrina latissima. Phytochemistry, 66, 99–104.
45.
YenesewA, InduliM, DereseS, MidiwoJO, HeydenreichM, PeterMG, AkalaH, WanguiJ, LiyalaP, WatersNC. (2004) Anti-plasmodial flavonoids from the stem bark of Erythrina abyssinica. Phytochemistry, 65, 3029–3032.
46.
YenesewA, MidiuoJO, MiessnerM, HeydenreichM, PeterMG. (1998) Two prenylated flavanones from stem bark of Erythrina burttii. Phytochemistry, 48, 1439–1443.
47.
LoWL, ChangFR, HsiehTJ, WuYC. (2002) Coumaronochromones and flavanones from Euchresta formosana roots. Phytochemistry, 60, 839–845.
48.
WächterGA, HoffmannJJ, FurbacherT, BlakeME, TimmermannBN. (1999) Antibacterial and antifungal flavanones from Eysenhardtia texana. Phytochemistry, 52, 1469–1471.
49.
RukachaisirikulT, InnokP, AroonreokN, BoonamnkaylapN, LimrangsunS, BoonyonC, WoonjinaU, SukumaranA. (2007) Antibacterial pterocarpans from Erythrina subumbrans. Journal of Ethnopharamacology, 110, 171–175.
CaoS, SchillingJK, MillerJS, AndriantsiferanaR, RasamisonVE, KingstonDGI. (2004) Cytotoxic compounds from Mundulea chapelieri from the Madagascar rainforest. Journal of Natural Products, 67, 454–456.
60.
Carcache-BlancoEJ, KangYH, ParkEJ, SuBN, KardonoLBS, RiswanS, FongHHS, PezzutoJM, KinghornAD. (2003) Constituents of the stem bark of Pongamia pinnata with the potential to induce quinone reductase. Journal of Natural Products, 66, 1197–1202.
61.
KangSS, KimJS, SouKH, ChangHW, KimHP. (2000) A new prenylated flavanone from the roots of Sophora flavescens. Fitoterapia, 71, 511–515.
62.
KuroyanagiM, ArakawaT, HirayamaY, HayashiT. (1999) Antibacterial and antiandrogen flavonoids from Sophora flavescens. Journal of Natural Products, 62, 1595–1599.
JangDS, ParkEJ, KangYH, HawthorneME, VigoJS, GrahamJG, CabiesesF, FongHHS, MehtaRG, PezzutoJM, KinghornAD. (2003) Potential cancer chemopreventive flavonoids from the stems of Tephrosia toxicaria. Journal of Natural Products, 66, 1166–1170.
65.
Es-SafiN-E, KhlifiS, KerhoasL, KollmannA, El AbbouyiA, DucrotP-H. (2005) Antioxidant constituents of the aerial parts of Globularia alypum growing in Morocco. Journal of Natural Products, 68, 1293–1296.
66.
MoulariB, PellequerY, LboutounneH, GirardC, ChaumontJP, MilletJ, MuyardF. (2006) Isolation and in vitro antibacterial activity of astilbin, the bioactive flavanone from the leaves of Harungana madagascariensis Lam. ex Poir (Hypericaceae). Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 106, 272–278.
67.
StevensJF, IvancicM, DeinzerML, WollenweberE. (1999) A novel 2-hydroxyflavanone from Collinsonia canadensis. Journal of Natural Products, 62, 392–394.
68.
AliMS, SaleemM, AhmadW, ParvezM, YamdagniR. (2002) A chlorinated monoterpene ketone, acylated β-sitosterol glycosides and a flavanone glycoside from Mentha longifolia (Lamiaceae). Phytochemistry, 59, 889–895.
69.
AhmedI, AnisI, MalikA, NawazSA, ChoudharyMI. (2003) Cholinesterase Inhibitory Constituents from Onosma hispida. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 51, 412–414.
70.
ZhangZ, El-SohlyHN, LiXC, KhanSI, BroedelSEJr., RaulliRE, CihlarRL, WalkerLA. (2003) Flavanone glycosides from Miconia trillii. Journal of Natural Products, 66, 39–41.
71.
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72.
NgadjuiBT, DongoE, AbegazBM, FotsoS, TamboueH. (2002) Dinklagins A, B and C: three prenylated flavonoids and other constituents from the twigs of Dorstenia dinklagei. Phytochemistry, 61, 99–104.
73.
NgadjuiBT, AbegazBM, DongoE, TamboueH, FogueK. (1998) Geranylated and prenylated flavonoids from the twigs of Dorstenia mannii. Phytochemistry, 48, 349–354.
74.
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75.
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85.
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86.
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87.
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88.
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89.
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90.
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91.
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92.
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93.
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94.
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95.
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96.
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97.
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