Oleanolic, ursolic and 3β, 23-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acids, together with the new flavonoid, 3-acetoxy-7-methoxyflavone (1), were isolated from the 60% aqueous ethanolic extract of the leaves and flowers of Salvia elegans with anxiolytic activity. The structure of 1 was established by combined spectral and chemical methods.
KintziosSE. (2000) Sage: The genus Salvia. KintziosSE (Ed). Harwood Academic Publishers, The Netherlands, pp 1–296.
2.
LuY, FooLY. (2002) Polyphenolics of Salvia – a review. Phytochemistry, 59, 117–140.
3.
BaricevicD, BartolT. (2000) The biological/pharmacological activity of the Salvia genus. Medicinal and Aromatic Plants- Industrial Profiles, 14 (Sage), 143–184.
4.
UlubelenA, TopcuG, KolakU. (2005) Labiatae flavonoids and their bioactivity. Studies in Natural Products Chemistry, 30 (Bioactive Natural Products Part K), 233–302.
5.
Rodriguez-HahnL, EsquivelB, CardenasJ, RamamoorthyTP. (1992) The distribution of diterpenoids in Salvia. In: HarleyRM, ReynoldsT (eds) Advances in Labiate Science. Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew, pp 335–345.
6.
BighmanAK, MunroTA, RizzacasaMA, Robins-BrowneRM. (2003) Divinatorins A-C, new neoclerodane diterpenoids from the controlled sage Salvia divinorum. Journal of Natural Products, 66, 1242–1244.
7.
AguilarA, CamachoJRChinoS, VazquezP, LópezP. (1994) Herbario Medicinal del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Información Etnobotánica, México.
8.
WakeG, CourtJ, PickeringA, LewisR, WilkinsR, PerryE. (2000) CNS acetylcholine receptor activity in European medicinal plants traditionally used to improve failing memory. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 69, 105–114.
9.
MoraS, MillánR, LungenstrassH, Díaz-VélizG, MoránJA, Herrera-RuizM, TortorielloJ. (2006) The hydroalcoholic extract of Salvia elegans induces anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects in rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 106, 76–81.
10.
Herrera-RuizM, García-BeltránY, MoraS, Díaz-VélizG, VianaGSB, TortorielloJ, RamírezG. (2006) Antidepressant and anxiolytic effects of hydroalcoholic extract from Salvia elegans. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 107, 53–58.
Herrera-RuizM, González-CortazarM, Jiménez-FerrerJE, AlvarezL, TortorielloJ. (2006) Ansiolytic activity of natural galphimines and their chemical derivatives. Structure-activity study. Journal of Natural Products, 69, 59–61.
13.
AlvarezL, NúñezM, PérezMC, VillarrealML, DelgadoG. (1994) Chemical and biological study of Astianthus viminalis. Planta Medica, 60, 98–98.
ToshiyukiT, MunekazuI, KaoruY, YukoF, MizuoM. (1992) Flavonoids in root bark of Pongamia pinnata. Phytochemistry, 31, 993–998.
16.
KurodaK, InoueN, ItoY, KubotaK, SugimotoA, KakudaT, FushikiT. (2005) Sedative effects of the jasmine tea odor and (R) (-)-linalool, one of its major odor components, on autonomic nerve activity and mood status. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 95, 107–114.
17.
ParkHG, ChoiJY, LeeGS, ChoiJH, SonKH, YoonSY, KoHS, KoKH, RyuJH, CheongJH. (2006) Different effects of flavonoids in Scutellaria baicalensis on anxious and sedative behaviors. Journal of Applied Pharmacology, 14, 83–89.
18.
WangF, HuenMSY, TsangSY, XueH. (2005) Neuroactive flavonoids interacting with GABAA receptor complex. Current Drug Targets. CNS & Neurological Disorders, 45, 575–585.
19.
KumarS, SharmaA. (2006) Apigenin: the axiolytic constituent of Turnera aphrodisiaca. Pharmaceutical Biology, 44, 84–90.
20.
NakazawaT, YasudaT, UedaJ, OhsawaK. (2003) Antidepressant-like effects of apigenin and 2,4,5-trimethoxycinnamic acid from Perilla frutescens in the forced swimming test. Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 264, 474–480.
21.
KavvadiasD, MonscheinV, SandP, RiedererP, SchreierP. (2003) Constituents of sage (Salvia officinalis) with in vitro affinity to human brain benzodiazepine receptor. Planta Medica, 69, 113–117.
