In continuation of our search for anti-inflammatory constituents in lipophilic extracts of Isatis tinctoria, an HPLC-based profiling for inhibitors of human neutrophil elastase was performed. Using a linear gradient profile, fractions with significant activity (>50%) appeared in the second half of the chromatogram and corresponded to moderately to highly lipophilic constituents. The active fractions of intermediate polarity were further analyzed by HPLC, TLC and GC. They contained mainly α-linolenic, linoleic, cis-11-octadecenoic acid, oleic and palmitic acids.
HurryJB. (1930) The Woad Plant and its Dye. Oxford University Press, London. 249–256.
2.
ChangHM, ButPPH. (1986) Pharmacology and Applications of Chinese Material Medica, vol. 1. World Scientific, Singapore. 94.
3.
TangW, EisenbrandG. (1992) Chinese Drugs of Plant Origin. Springer, Berlin. 805–808.
4.
HamburgerM. (2002) Isatis tinctoria – From the rediscovery of an ancient medicinal plant towards a novel anti-inflammatory phytopharmaceutical. Phytochemistry Reviews, 1, 333–344.
5.
DanzH, StoyanovaS, WippichP, BrattströmA, HamburgerM. (2001) Identification and isolation of the cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitory principle in Isatis tinctoria. Planta Medica, 67, 411–416.
6.
DanzH, StoyanovaS, ThometOAR, SimonHU, DannhardtG, UlbrichH, HamburgerM. (2002) Inhibitory activity of tryptanthrin on prostaglandin and leukotriene synthesis. Planta Medica, 68, 875–880.
7.
RüsterGU, HofmannB, HamburgerM. (2004) Inhibitory activity of indolin-2-one derivatives on compound 48/80-induced histamine release from mast cells. Pharmazie, 59, 236–237.
8.
OberthürC, JäggiR, HamburgerM. (2005) HPLC based activity profiling for 5-lipoxygenase inhibitory activity in Isatis tinctoria leaf extracts. Fitoterapia, 76, 324–332.
9.
IshiharaT, KohnoK, UshioS, KurimotoM. (2000) Tryptanthrin inhibits nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 synthesis by murine macrophages. European Journal of Pharmacology, 407, 197–204.
10.
KunikataT, TatefujiT, AgaH, IwakiK, IkedaM, KurimotoM. (2000) Indirubin inhibits inflammatory reactions in delayed-type hypersensitivity. European Journal of Pharmacology, 410, 93–100.
11.
RecioMC, Cerdá-NicolásM, PotteratO, HamburgerM, RiosJL. (2006) Anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic activity in vivo of lipophilic Isatis tinctoria extracts and tryptanthrin. Planta Medica, 72, 539–546.
12.
RecioMC, Cerdá-NicolásM, HamburgerM, RiosJL. (2006) Anti-arthritic activity of a lipophilic woad (Isatis tinctoria) extract. Planta Medica, 72, 715–720.
13.
HeinemannC, Schliemann-WillersC, OberthürC, HamburgerM, ElsnerP. (2004) Prevention of experimentally induced irritant contact dermatitis by extracts of Isatis tinctoria compared to pure tryptanthrin and its impact on UVB-induced erythema. Planta Medica, 70, 385–390.
14.
FischbachW, BeckerW, MossnerJ, OhlemüllerH, KochW, BornerW. (1987) Leukocytic elastase in chronic inflammatory bowel diseases: A marker of inflammatory activity. Digestion, 37, 88–95.
15.
BiethJG. (1998) Leukocyte elastase. In Handbook of Proteolytic Enzymes. BarettAJ, RawlingsND, WoessnerFF (Eds). Academic Press, London UK. 54–60.
16.
MelzigMF, LöserB, CiesielskiS. (2001) Inhibition of neutrophil elastase activity by phenolic compounds from plants. Pharmazie, 56, 967–970.
17.
DittmannK, GerhäuserC, KlimoK, HamburgerM. (2004) HPLC-based activity profiling of Salvia miltiorrhiza for MAO A and iNOS inhibitory activities. Planta Medica, 70, 909–913.
18.
RennertB, MelzigMF (2002) Free fatty acids inhibit the activity of Clostridium histolyticum collagenase and human neutrophil elastase. Planta Medica, 68, 767–769.
19.
MacdonaldSJ, DowleMD, HarrisonLA, ShahP, JohnsonMR, InglisGG, ClarkeGD, SmithRA, HumphreysD, MolloyCR, AmourA, DixonM, MurkittG, GodwardRE, PadfieldT, SkarzynskiT, SinghOM, KumarKA, FleetwoodG, HodgsonST, HardyGW, FinchH (2001) The discovery of a potent, intracellular, orally bioavailable, long duration inhibitor of human neutrophil elastase - GW311616A a development candidate. Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 11, 895–898.
