The antibacterial and free radical scavenging activity, and the general toxicity of two diarylheptanoids, hirsutanolol (1) and oregonin (2), and a flavonoid, genkwanin (3), isolated from the methanol extract of the seeds of Alnus glutinosa, were assessed by the 96 well-based serial dilution antibacterial assay using resazurin as an indicator of cell growth, the DPPH assay, and the brine shrimp lethality assay, respectively.
MitchellA, WilkinsonJ. (1997) Parey's Buch der Baume (The Trees of Britain and Northern Europe, 1982), 3rd edition, Blackwell Wissenschafts-Verlag.
2.
GRIN database (2006). USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program, Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN), National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland, USA. Available on-line at: http://www.ars-grin.gov/npgs/tax/.
3.
DNP CD-ROM (2001). Dictionary of Natural Products, Version 9:2, Chapman & Hall/ CRC, Florida, USA.
4.
Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Database (2006). USDA-ARS-NGRL, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, Maryland, USA. Available on line at- http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/duke/farmacy2.pl
5.
O'RourkeC, ByresM, DelazarA, KumarasamyY, NaharL, StewartF, SarkerSD. (2005) Hirsutanonol, oregonin and genkwanin from the seeds of Alnus glutinosa (Betulaceae). Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 33, 749–752.
MiddletonP, StewartF, Al-QahtaniS, EganP, O'RourkeC, AbdulrahmanA, ByresM, MiddletonM, NaharL, ShoebM, DelazarA, KumarasamyY, SarkerSD. (2005) Antioxidant, antibacterial activity and general toxicity of Alnus glutinosa, Fraxinus excelsior and Papaver rhoeas, Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2, 81–86.
9.
AokiT, OhtaS, SugaT. (1990) Triterpenoids, diarylheptanoids and their glycosides in the flowers of Alnus species Phytochemistry, 29, 3611–3614.
10.
OhtaS, AokiT, HirataT, SugaT. (1984) The structures of 4 diarylheptanoid glycosides from the female flowers of Alnus serrulatoides. Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions1, 1635–1642.
11.
LeeKK, BahlerBD, HofmanGA, MatternMR, JohnsonRK, KingstonDGI. (1998) Isolation and structure elucidation of new PKC alpha inhibitors from Pinus flexilis. Journal of Natural Products, 61, 1407–1409.
12.
SugaT, OhtaS, HirataT, AokiT. (1982) The absolute configuration of diarylheptanoid xyloside, oregonin, isolated from the female flowers of Alnus serrulatoides. Chemistry Letters, 6, 895–898.
13.
ZahidM, IshrudO, PanY, AimM, RiazM, AhmadVU. (2002) Flavonoid glycosides from Salvia moorcroftiana Wall. Carbohydrate Research, 337, 403–407.
14.
BosabalidisA, GabrieliC, NiopasI. (1998) Flavone aglycones in glandular hairs of Origanum intercedens. Phytochemistry, 49, 1549–1553.
15.
MeyerBN, FerrigniRN, PutnamJE, JacobsenLB, NicholsDE, MclaughlinJL. (1982) Brine shrimp: a convenient bioassay for active plant constituents. Planta Medica, 45, 31–34.
16.
FinneyDJ. (1971) Probit Analysis, 3rd edn, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
17.
KumarasamyY, FergussonM, NaharL, SarkerSD. (2002) Biological activity of moschamindole from Centaurea moschata, Pharmaceutical Biology, 40, 307–310.
18.
TakaoT., WatanabeN, YagiI, SakataK. (1994) A simple screening method for antioxidants and isolation of several antioxidants produced by marine bacteria from fish and shellfish. Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry, 58, 1780–1783.
19.
KumarasamyY, ByresM, CoxPJ, DelazarA, JasparsM, NaharL, ShoebM, SarkerSD. (2004) Isolation, structure elucidation and biological activity of flavone C-glycosides from the seeds of Alliaria petiolata. Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 40, 122–128.
20.
PubMed Database (2006) A service of the national library of medicine and the national institute of health, NCBI, USA. Available on-line at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi
21.
LorianV. (1991) Antibiotics in Laboratory Medicine. 3rd edn, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, USA.
22.
RichardsRME, XingDKL. (1993) In vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial activities of selected lozenges. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 82, 1218–1220.
23.
SarkerSD, EynonE, FokK, KumarasamyY, MurphyEM, NaharL, ShaheenEM, ShawNM, SiakalimaM. (2003) Screening the extracts of the seeds of Achillea millefolium, Angelica sylvestris and Phleum pratense for antibacterial, antioxidant activities and general toxicity. Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine, 3, 157–162.
