To study the association between maternal C-reactive protein (CRP) and preterm delivery (PTD) pathways, CRP was measured in maternal plasma collected at mid-pregnancy (n = 1310). PTD was subdivided into spontaneous (sPTD) or medically indicated (MI-PTD). Histologic chorioamnionitis (HCA) was determined by placental histopathology (n = 1076). Adjusted CRP levels were elevated for sPTD (5.5 µg/mL) versus term deliveries (4.8 µg/mL) and higher in sPTD with HCA (6.3 µg/mL). After removing HCA, an interaction between body mass index (BMI) and sPTD in relation to CRP was noted. In BMI-stratified models, an association between CRP and sPTD among women with prepregnancy BMI >25 (8.9 µg/mL for sPTD; 7.2 µg/mL for term) was absent among women with lower BMI. We propose that this remaining association in overweight/obese women suggests that CRP may mark an obesity/inflammation PTD pathway that is distinct from the pathway indicated by HCA.
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