Chatbots, text or voice software entities, are consolidating their position in the education sector, as they have gone from being rustic tools to systems that can take an active role in the teaching and learning process. That is why we decide to elaborate a Systematic Mapping Study of works that have been published on educational chatbots in the last years. Our analysis has four objectives: 1) to know the purpose of chatbots; 2) to identify the educational levels in which the chatbots are employed; 3) to examine which interaction mechanisms are implemented by chatbots; and 4) to explore which technologies and software architectures predominate in the development of educational chatbots. Following solid methodologies for systematic reviews, we compiled 104 papers. Through the analysis of these works, we obtained an overview that can be useful for both specialists and newcomers to the domain, as it helps them understand the existing trends in these applications. Additionally, the discussion extends into the disruptive impact of generative AI and outlines critical open research questions that guide future investigations in educational chatbot development.
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