Headaches in children

Abstract

Headaches are extremely common, affecting over 75% of school-aged children. Most are benign and resolve as the child grows older, particularly tension-type headaches. There is often a close interaction between the child’s headache and their environment and lifestyle. A detailed history is the key to making a diagnosis; it will also allow caregivers and children to express their concerns and identify red flag symptoms. A focussed neurological examination is also essential. Many headaches occur a secondary to other conditions, such as infections or injuries and these conditions should not be overlooked. Although the majority of these conditions can be addressed in primary care, GPs should be aware of when to refer and the appropriate urgency.