Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common childhood bacterial infections, affecting 8% of girls and 2% of boys. Recurrent infections can cause renal damage with potential health consequences into adulthood. Vesicoureteric reflux is a common childhood urological abnormality that increases the risk of recurrent UTIs and possible subsequent adverse consequences. GPs should know which children with a UTI will require further investigation to identify this potentially treatable underlying abnormality.
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