Causes and management of dyspareunia

Abstract

Dyspareunia is defined as pain on sexual intercourse. It can affect both sexes, but is more common in females. It is difficult to estimate the number of patients suffering from dyspareunia as the condition is vastly under-reported, but research suggests the point prevalence to be up to 20% of women and 2% of men. It is an important condition requiring prompt assessment, as it can be the cause of emotional distress and relationship disharmony. A range of conditions, many of which are treatable, cause dyspareunia. This article aims to highlight the important causes and their initial management in primary care. An approach to completing an assessment of a patient presenting with dyspareunia is also discussed.