Three-defender versus two-defender systems in football: A comparison of offensive play

Abstract

Scientific research on tactical formations in football is scarce and the studies that do exist focus on aspects linked to physical conditioning. Therefore, the objective of this work was to analyse offensive play differences between three-centre-back (3CB) and two-centre-back (2CB) formations. A total of 72 matches played by eight LaLiga teams (Spain) during the 2018–19 season were analysed. Four teams used a 3CB system and four teams a 2CB system. Data were obtained from the Opta sports company, and the reports were generated using Mediacoach. Three groups of variables were analysed (passes, possession and finishing). The results showed that both the number of team passes (‘passes received’, ‘passes attempted’) and their effectiveness (‘number’ and % of ‘completed’ passes) were significantly greater (p < 0.001) in 3CB systems. As far as possession was concerned, 3CB systems obtained a higher percentage (p = 0.004, ES = 0.45), time average (p = 0.001, ES = 0.57) and possessions with more than nine passes (p = 0.000). Finally, regarding the variables relating to attack finishing, the values attained significantly higher levels in the 3CB teams in ‘expected goals’ (p = 0.020), ‘goals scored’ (p = 0.030) and ‘probability of a shot being a goal’ (p = 0.046). It could be concluded that 3CB teams presented greater rates of ball possession and attack finishing.