Chronic cough is a relatively common symptom for which effective, acceptable treatments are lacking. Many patients suffer frequent coughing over several years without resolution and this has significant physical, social and psychological consequences. The recent development of cough-specific quality-of-life tools now allows quantification of the burden of coughing both in patients specifically presenting with chronic cough and also in common respiratory conditions.
Baiardini, I., Braido, F., Fassio, O., Tarantini, F., Pasquali, M., Tarchino, F. et al. (2005) A new tool to assess and monitor the burden of chronic cough on quality of life: Chronic Cough Impact Questionnaire. Allergy60: 482-488.
2.
Birring, S.S., Matos, S., Patel, R.B., Prudon, B., Evans, D.H. and Pavord, I.D. ( 2006) Cough frequency, cough sensitivity and health status in patients with chronic cough. Respir Med100: 1105-1109.
3.
Birring, S.S., Prudon, B., Carr, A.J., Singh, S.J., Morgan, M.D. and Pavord, I.D. ( 2003) Development of a symptom specific health status measure for patients with chronic cough: Leicester Cough Questionnaire (Lcq). Thorax58: 339-343.
4.
Bonekat, H.W., Miles, R.M. and Staats, B.A. ( 1987) Smoking and cough syncope: follow-up in 45 cases. Int J Addict22: 413-419.
5.
Choudry, N.B. and Fuller, R.W. ( 1992) Sensitivity of the cough reflex in patients with chronic cough. Eur Respir J5: 296-300.
6.
Decalmer, S., Kelsall, A., McGuinness, K., Woodcock, A. and Smith, J.A. ( 2007) Anxiety, depression and quality of life measures in patients with chronic persistent cough. Thorax62(Suppl 3): A108.
7.
Decalmer, S.C., Webster, D., Kelsall, A.A., McGuinness, K., Woodcock, A.A. and Smith, J.A. ( 2007) Chronic cough: how do cough reflex sensitivity and subjective assessments correlate with objective cough counts during ambulatory monitoring ? Thorax62: 329-334.
8.
Dicpinigaitis, P.V., Tso, R. and Banauch, G. ( 2006) Prevalence of depressive symptoms among patients with chronic cough. Chest130: 1839-1843.
9.
Everett, C.F., Kastelik, J.A., Thompson, R.H. and Morice, A.H. ( 2007) Chronic persistent cough in the community: a questionnaire survey. Cough3: 5.
10.
Fallowfield, L. ( 2009) What Is Quality of Life?London: Hayward Medical Communications.
11.
Fathi, H., Moon, T., Donaldson, J., Jackson, W., Sedman, P. and Morice, A.H.(2009) Cough in adult cystic fibrosis: diagnosis and response to fundoplication . Cough5: 1.
12.
Field, S.K., Conley, D.P., Thawer, A.M., Leigh, R. and Cowie, R.L.(2009) Effect of the management of chronic cough patients by pulmonologists and certified respiratory educators on quality of life: a randomized trial . Chest136: 1021-1028.
13.
French, C.L., Irwin, R.S., Curley, F.J. and Krikorian, C.J. ( 1998) Impact of chronic cough on quality of life. Arch Intern Med158: 1657-1661.
14.
French, C.T., Fletcher, K.E. and Irwin, R.S. ( 2004) Gender differences in health-related quality of life in patients complaining of chronic cough. Chest125: 482-488.
15.
French, C.T., Fletcher, K.E. and Irwin, R.S. ( 2005) A comparison of gender differences in health-related quality of life in acute and chronic coughers. Chest127: 1991-1998.
16.
French, C.T., Irwin, R.S., Fletcher, K.E. and Adams, T.M. ( 2002) Evaluation of a cough-specific quality-of-life questionnaire . Chest121: 1123-1131.
17.
Fujimura, M., Kasahara, K., Kamio, Y., Naruse, M., Hashimoto, T. and Matsuda, T. ( 1996) Female gender as a determinant of cough threshold to inhaled capsaicin. Eur Respir J9: 1624-1626.
18.
Hamilton, A., Marsden, P.A., Decalmer, S., Sumner, H., McGuinness, K., Woodcock, A. et al. (2008) Objective measurement of cough in interstitial lung disease. Thorax63: A160.
19.
Haque, R.A., Usmani, O.S. and Barnes, P.J. ( 2005) Chronic idiopathic cough: a discrete clinical entity? Chest127: 1710-1713.
20.
Holt, K., Key, A., Warburton, C., Smith, J. and Earis, J. ( 2008) Cough in Ipf. Am J Respir Crit Care Med177: A859.
21.
Kalpaklioglu, A.F., Kara, T., Kurtipek, E., Kocyigit, P., Ekici, A. and Ekici, M. ( 2005) Evaluation and impact of chronic cough: comparison of specific vs generic quality-of-life questionnaires. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol94: 581-585.
22.
Kastelik, J.A., Thompson, R.H., Aziz, I., Ojoo, J.C., Redington, A.E. and Morice, A.H. ( 2002) Sex-related differences in cough reflex sensitivity in patients with chronic cough. Am J Respir Crit Care Med166: 961-964.
23.
Kelsall, A., Decalmer, S., McGuinness, K., Woodcock, A. and Smith, J.A.(2009) Sex differences and predictors of objective cough frequency in chronic cough. Thorax64: 393-398.
24.
Kelsall, A., Decalmer, S., Webster, D., Brown, N., McGuinness, K., Woodcock, A. et al. (2008) How to quantify coughing: correlations with quality of life in chronic cough. Eur Respir J32: 175-179.
25.
Kuzniar, T.J., Morgenthaler, T.I., Afessa, B. and Lim, K.G. ( 2007) Chronic cough from the patient’s perspective. Mayo Clin Proc82: 56-60.
Man, W.D., Kyroussis, D., Fleming, T.A., Chetta, A., Harraf, F., Mustfa, N. et al. (2003) Cough gastric pressure and maximum expiratory mouth pressure in humans. Am J Respir Crit Care Med168: 714-717.
28.
Marsden, P.A., Smith, J.A., Kelsall, A.A., Owen, E., Naylor, J.R., Webster, D. et al. (2008) A comparison of objective and subjective measures of cough in asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol122: 903-907.
29.
McGarvey, L., McKeagney, P., Polley, L., Macmahon, J. and Costello, R.W.(2009) Are there clinical features of a sensitized cough reflex? Pulm Pharmacol Ther22: 59-64.
30.
McGarvey, L.P., Carton, C., Gamble, L.A., Heaney, L.G., Shepherd, R., Ennis, M. et al. (2006) Prevalence of psychomorbidity among patients with chronic cough. Cough2: 4.
31.
Miravitlles, M., Molina, J., Naberan, K., Cots, J.M., Ros, F. and Llor, C. ( 2007) Factors determining the quality of life of patients with COPD in primary care. Ther Adv Respir Dis1: 85-92.
32.
Morice, A.H., McGarvey, L. and Pavord, I. ( 2006) Recommendations for the management of cough in adults . Thorax61(Suppl 1): i1-24.
33.
Morice, A.H., Menon, M.S., Mulrennan, S.A., Everett, C.F., Wright, C., Jackson, J. et al. (2007) Opiate therapy in chronic cough. Am J Respir Crit Care Med175: 312-315.
34.
Murray, M.P., Pentland, J.L. and Hill, A.T.(2009a) A randomised crossover trial of chest physiotherapy in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. Eur Respir J34: 1011-1012.
35.
Murray, M.P., Turnbull, K., Macquarrie, S., Pentland, J.L. and Hill, A.T.(2009b) Validation of the Leicester Cough Questionnaire in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. Eur Respir J34: 125-131.
36.
Mutalithas, K., Watkin, G., Willig, B., Wardlaw, A., Pavord, I.D. and Birring, S.S. ( 2008) Improvement in health status following bronchopulmonary hygiene physical therapy in patients with bronchiectasis. Respir Med102: 1140-1144.
37.
Osman, L.M., McKenzie, L., Cairns, J., Friend, J.A., Godden, D.J., Legge, J.S. et al. (2001) Patient weighting of importance of asthma symptoms . Thorax56: 138-142.
38.
Polley, L., Yaman, N., Heaney, L., Cardwell, C., Murtagh, E., Ramsey, J. et al. (2008) Impact of cough across different chronic respiratory diseases: comparison of two cough-specific health-related quality of life questionnaires. Chest134: 295-302.
39.
Pratter, M.R., Brightling, C.E., Boulet, L.P. and Irwin, R.S. ( 2006) An empiric integrative approach to the management of cough: accp evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest129: 222-231S.
40.
Raghu, G., Freudenberger, T.D., Yang, S., Curtis, J.R., Spada, C., Hayes, J. et al. (2006) High prevalence of abnormal acid gastro-oesophageal reflux in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Eur Respir J27: 136-142.
41.
Sharpey-Schafer, E.P. ( 1953) The mechanism of syncope after coughing. Br Med J2: 860-863.
42.
Smith, J., Owen, E., Earis, J. and Woodcock, A. ( 2006) Cough in COPD: correlation of objective monitoring with cough challenge and subjective assessments. Chest130: 379-385.
43.
Smith, J.A. ( 2006) Cough frequency and patterns of cough in cystic fibrosis . J R Soc Med99(Suppl 46): 17-22.
44.
Swigris, J.J., Stewart, A.L., Gould, M.K. and Wilson, S.R. ( 2005) Patients’ perspectives on how idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis affects the quality of their lives. Health Qual Life Outcomes3: 61.
45.
Vernon, M., Leidy, N.K., Nacson, A. and Nelsen, L.(2009) Measuring cough severity: perspectives from the literature and from patients with chronic cough. Cough5: 5.