We examined the correlations between the surface morphology of acute scaphoid fractures and their stability. Our hypothesis was that a more irregular fracture surface would have a stabilizing effect on the fracture. A total of 75 isolated acute scaphoid fractures of adults were analysed according to location and displacement (as a sign of fracture instability) using a 3-D computed configuration space graph method. Displaced waist fractures had more irregularity than non-displaced fractures. The distal and proximal fractures exhibited a different pattern of displacement in comparison with the waist fractures. Contrary to our hypothesis, greater irregularity was correlated with displacement and may be an additional indicator of fracture instability.
BlandJMAltmanDG.Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement. Lancet. 1986,
1: 307–10.
2.
BodanskyDMSSandowMJVolkILuriaSVerstrekenFHorwitzMD.Insights and trends review: the role of three-dimensional technology in upper extremity surgery. J Hand Surg Eur. 2023,
48: 383–95.
3.
BuijzeGAJorgsholmPThomsenNOBjorkmanABesjakovJRingD.Diagnostic performance of radiographs and computed tomography for displacement and instability of acute scaphoid waist fractures. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2012,
94: 1967–74.
4.
CaiDZhouYHeW, et al.
Automatic segmentation of knee CT images of tibial plateau fractures based on three-dimensional U-Net: assisting junior physicians with Schatzker classification. Eur J Radiol. 2024,
178: 111605. doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2024.111605
5.
ClementsonMJorgsholmPBesjakovJBjorkmanAThomsenN.Union of scaphoid waist fractures assessed by CT scan. J Wrist Surg. 2015,
4: 49–55.
6.
ClementsonMBjörkmanAThomsenNOB.Acute scaphoid fractures: guidelines for diagnosis and treatment. EFORT Open Rev. 2020,
5: 96–103.
7.
CompsonJP.The anatomy of acute scaphoid fractures: a three-dimensional analysis of patterns. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1998,
80: 218–24.
8.
DiasJJRingDGrewalRClementsonMBuijzeGAHoPC.Acute scaphoid fractures: making decisions for treating a troublesome bone. J Hand Surg Eur. 2022:
47: 73–9.
LeeSK.Fractures of the carpal bones. In: WolfeSWKozinSHCohenMS (Eds.) Green’s Operative Hand Surgery, 8th edn.
Philadelphia, PA,
Elsevier, 2021, Vol.
1: 677–749.
15.
LuriaSSchwarczYWollsteinREmelifePZingerGPelegE.3-dimensional analysis of scaphoid fracture angle morphology. J Hand Surg Am. 2015,
40: 508–14.
16.
LuriaSBadirSSchwarczYPelegEWaitayawinyuT.Approach to the perpendicular fixation of a ccaphoid waist fracture – a computer analyzed cadaver model. J Hand Surg Am. 2020,
45: 203–12.
17.
ParkYHChoHWChoiJWChoiGWKimHJ.Bone defects after surgery for displaced intraarticular calcaneal fractures spontaneously improve without bone grafting. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2021,
479: 1265–72.
18.
SabbaghMDMorsyMMoranSL.Diagnosis and management of acute scaphoid fractures. Hand Clin. 2019,
35: 259–69.
19.
SacksEJoskowiczL.The Configuration Space Method for Kinematic Design of Mechanisms.
Cambridge, MASS,
MIT Press, 2010.
20.
Ten BergPWDrijkoningenTStrackeeSDBuijzeGA.Classifications of acute scaphoid fractures: a systematic literature review. J Wrist Surg. 2016,
5: 152–9.
21.
TurowABulstraAEOldhoffM, et al.
3D mapping of scaphoid fractures and comminution. Skeletal Radiol. 2020,
49: 1633–47.
22.
YiZQiWLimRQRChenWChenSLiuB.Robot-assisted percutaneous scaphoid fixation: patient-reported outcomes and learning curve at two centres. J Hand Surg Eur. 2025,
50: 500–7.
23.
YushkevichPAPivenJHazlettHC, et al.
User-guided 3D active contour segmentation of anatomical structures: significantly improved efficiency and reliability. NeuroImage. 2006,
31: 1116–28.
