Role of ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channels in Ischaemic Preconditioning

Shoemaker WC Appel PL Kram HB . Role of oxygen debt in the development of organ failure sepsis, and death in high-risk surgical patients. Chest. Jul 1992; 102: 208–215.

Mythen MG Webb AR . Intraoperative gut mucosal hypoperfusion is associated with increased post-operative complications and cost. Intensive Care Med. 1994; 20: 99–104.

Poeze M Ramsay G Greve JW Prediction of postoperative cardiac surgical morbidity and organ failure within 4 hours of intensive care unit admission using esophageal Doppler ultrasonography. Crit Care Med. Jul 1999; 27: 1288–1294.

Shoemaker WC Appel PL Kram HB Prospective trial of supranormal values of survivors as therapeutic goals in high-risk surgical patients. Chest. Dec 1988; 94: 1176–1186.

Davies SJ Wilson RJT . Preoperative optimization of the high-risk surgical patient. Br. J. Anaesth. July 1, 2004; 93: 121–128.

McKendry M McGloin H Saberi D Randomised controlled trial assessing the impact of a nurse delivered, flow monitored protocol for optimisation of circulatory status after cardiac surgery. BMJ. 2004; 329: 258.

Kern JW Shoemaker WC . Meta-analysis of hemodynamic optimization in high-risk patients. Crit Care Med. Aug 2002; 30: 1686–1692.

Sandham JD Hull RD Brant RF A randomized, controlled trial of the use of pulmonary-artery catheters in high-risk surgical patients. N Engl J Med. Jan 2 2003; 348 (1): 5–14.

Braunwald E Kloner RA . Myocardial reperfusion: a double-edged sword? J Clin Invest. 1985; 76 (5): 1713.

Farb A Kolodgie FD Jenkins M Myocardial infarct extension during reperfusion after coronary artery occlusion: pathologic evidence. J.Am.Coll.Cardiol. 1993; 21 (5): 1245.

VanBenthuysen KM McMurtry IF Horwitz LD . Reperfusion after acute coronary occlusion in dogs impairs endothelium-dependent relaxation to acetylcholine and augments contractile reactivity in vitro. J. Clin. Invest. 1987; 79 (1): 265.

Wang QD Morcos E Wiklund P L-arginine enhances functional recovery and Ca(2+)-dependent nitric oxide synthase activity after ischemia and reperfusion in the rat heart. J Cardiovasc.Pharmacol. 1997; 29 (2): 291.

Hein TW Zhang C Wang W Ischemia-reperfusion selectively impairs nitric oxide-mediated dilation in coronary arterioles: counteracting role of arginase. FASEB J. 2003.

Engler RL Dahlgren MD Morris DD Role of leukocytes in response to acute myocardial ischemia and reflow in dogs. Am.J.Physiol. 1986; 251 (2):H314.

Murry CE Jennings RB Reimer KA . Preconditioning with ischemia: a delay of lethal cell injury in ischemic myocardium. Circulation. 1986; 74 (5): 1124.

Przyklenk K Bauer B Ovize M Regional ischemic ‘preconditioning’ protects remote virgin myocardium from subsequent sustained coronary occlusion. Circulation. 1993; 87 (3): 893.

Liu GS Thornton J Van Winkle DM Protection against infarction afforded by preconditioning is mediated by A1 adenosine receptors in rabbit heart. Circulation. 1991; 84 (1): 350.

Schulz R Post H Vahlhaus C Ischemic preconditioning in pigs: a graded phenomenon: its relation to adenosine and bradykinin. Circulation. 1998; 98 (10): 1022.

Tomai F Crea F Gaspardone A Effects of naloxone on myocardial ischemic preconditioning in humans. J.Am.Coll.Cardiol. 1999; 33 (7): 1863.

Bains CP Goto M Downey JM . Oxygen free radicals released during ischemic preconditioning contribute to cardioprotection in Rabbit Myocardium. Vol 29; 2003: 207.

Garlid KD Paucek P Yarov-Yarovoy V Cardioprotective effect of diazoxide and its interaction with mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K+ channels. Possible mechanism of cardioprotection. Circ. Res. 1997; 81 (6): 1072.

Liu Y Sato T O'Rourke B Mitochondrial ATP-dependent potassium channels: novel effectors of cardioprotection? Circulation. 1998; 97 (24): 2463.

Pain T Yang XM Critz SD Opening of mitochondrial K(ATP) channels triggers the preconditioned state by generating free radicals. Circ. Res. 2000; 87 (6): 460.

Gross GJ Auchampach JA . Blockade of ATP-sensitive potassium channels prevents myocardial preconditioning in dogs. Circ.Res. 1992; 70 (2): 223.

Sanada S Kitakaze M Asanuma H Role of mitochondrial and sarcolemmal K(ATP) channels in ischemic preconditioning of the canine heart. Am.J.Physiol Heart Circ.Physiol. 2001; 280 (1):H256.

Holmuhamedov EL Wang L Terzic A . ATP-sensitive K+ channel openers prevent Ca2+ overload in rat cardiac mitochondria. J Physiol. 1999; 519: 347.

Dos SP Kowaltowski AJ Laclau MN Mechanisms by which opening the mitochondrial ATP- sensitive K(+) channel protects the ischemic heart. Am.J.Physiol Heart Circ.Physiol. 2002; 283 (1):H284.

Yellon DM Alkhulaifi AM Pugsley WB . Preconditioning the human myocardium. Lancet. 1993; 342: 276.

Kharbanda RK Peters M Walton B Ischemic preconditioning prevents endothelial injury and systemic neutrophil activation during ischemia-reperfusion in humans in vivo. Circulation. 2001; 103 (12): 1624.

Kharbanda RK Mortensen UM White PA Transient limb ischemia induces remote ischemic preconditioning in vivo. Circulation. 2002; 106 (23): 2881.