Research on cross-space risk transfer mechanism of mine cyber-physical fusion system in the context of smart mining

Abstract

With the continuous development of the deep integration between physical and information systems in both above-ground and underground mining operations, intelligent mining system management has encountered new research opportunities. Mining cyber-physical systems (CPS), as open, complex systems, face numerous challenges, particularly in risk management within coupled structures. The unique working environment of coal mines makes CPS risk management even more complex. This paper combines complex network theory and risk transmission theory to propose a cross-space risk transmission model, quantifying the risk transmission and evolution process using a node importance evaluation method. Simulation results indicate that node importance significantly impacts CPS risk transmission and system collapse. When nodes with higher importance are selected as initial failure points, the risk transmission path is shorter, and the system collapses more rapidly. In contrast, random attacks show that attacks in the physical space have a greater impact on overall system vulnerability. The study also reveals that interaction edges amplify risk transmission, significantly reducing the system’s risk tolerance. The findings provide critical theoretical support and practical guidance for risk management in Mine CPS and advance research on the safety and stability of intelligent mining systems.