The mediating role of moral disengagement: Shaping prosocial and antisocial behaviours in sport and physical education programmes

Abstract

Sport and physical education (SPE) settings have the potential to serve as a unique learning context for the healthy, prosocial development of youth. However, SPE participation is also believed to promote moral disengagement and, in turn, antisocial behaviour. Preliminary research has suggested that some youth populations may be particularly vulnerable (e.g., older boys). This study examined the mediating role of moral disengagement in shaping prosocial and antisocial behaviours of youth involved in SPE. The participants comprised 29 PE teacher-coaches (23 males), five sport coaches (all male), and 463 youth athletes (257 males). Findings indicate that, in general, female athletes were less likely to display antisocial behaviour and older athletes were more likely to engage in prosocial behaviour. In fact, among older athletes, moral disengagement could explain occasional antisocial actions. Experienced coaches and the specific type of activity (i.e., physical education or sport co-curricular activities) were also linked to prosocial behaviour. Further analyses highlighted the crucial role of moral disengagement in mediating the relationship between athlete age, birth sex, and antisocial behaviour. Ultimately, schools, coach education programmes, and youth sport organisations should consider implementing strategies designed to promote the inherent value of sport.