CraftonD (1982) Before Mickey: The Animated Film 1898–1928. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
2.
GunningT (1994) Crazy machines in the garden of forking paths: Mischief gags and the origins of American film comedy. In: KarnickKBJenkinsH (eds) Classical Hollywood Comedy. New York: Routledge, 87–105.
3.
GunningT (2003) Buster Keaton: Or the work of comedy in the age of mechanical reproduction. In: KrutnikF (ed.) Hollywood Comedians: The Film Reader. New York: Routledge, 73–77.
