Nordic walking as physical activity for adults with intellectual disability: A case series study

Abstract

This case series study examined the feasibility of implementing a Nordic Walking (NW) program as part of the physical activity routine in day centers for adults with intellectual disabilities, with the aim of enhancing physical fitness. Nine adults (eight males, one female; mean age = 43.67 ± 10.39 years) with intellectual disabilities participated in the study. Baseline data were collected at three time points prior to a 12-week intervention, during which NW sessions were conducted and fitness assessments were administered every four weeks. Physical fitness was evaluated using the Six-Minute Walk Test (aerobic capacity), the Standing Long Jump (muscular strength), and the Sit and Reach test (flexibility). All participants completed the 12-session intervention without adverse events. However, session duration was limited to 15 minutes, as longer sessions were not well tolerated by some participants. The walking intensity elicited a heart rate response corresponding to 60–70% of estimated maximal heart rate, which remained consistent throughout the intervention. Most participants demonstrated improvements in physical fitness parameters. These findings suggest that NW is a feasible and potentially beneficial activity for promoting physical activity and reducing sedentary behavior among adults with intellectual disabilities in day center settings. Further research is warranted to identify strategies for safely increasing session intensity and duration to optimize outcomes.