Due to the significant energy consumption and carbon emissions associated with the building sector, the development of sustainable and energy-efficient construction materials is of great interest. This article presents the physicochemical properties of miscanthus, its cultivation and growth, applications in the construction domain, and the challenges and limitations posed by the chemical composition of this lignocellulosic material. Thus, the objective is to present a state of art on miscanthus, by providing a solid foundation for the elaboration of plant based thermal insulation composite material to be used in construction. It has been proved that the low thermal conductivity of miscanthus (0.05 W/(m. K)), its high porosity, lightweight and other environmental advantages (renewability and sustainability) make of it and of the miscanthus-based materials promising candidates in the building insulation industry.
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