Ultrasound in the Paediatric Gastro-Intestinal Tract

Teele RL Smith EH . Ultrasound in the diagnosis of idiopathic hypertrophic pyloric stenosis N Eng J Med (1977) 296:1149–50.

Gomes H Menanteau B . Gastro-esophageal reflux: comparative study between sonography and PH monitoring Pediatr Radiol (1991) 21:168–174.

Gomes H Lallemand A Lallemand P . Ultrasound of the gastroesophageal junction Pediatr Radiol (1991) 23:94–99.

Breaux CW Georgeson KE Royal SA Curnow AJ Changing patterns in the diagnosis of the hypertropic pyloric stenosis Pediatrics (1988) 81:213–217.

Neilson D Hollman AS The ultrasonic diagnosis of infantile hypertropic pyloric stenosis: Technique of accuracy Clin Radiol (1994) 49:246–247.

Blumhagen JD Maclin L Krauter D Rosenbaum DM Weinberger E Sonographers diagnosis of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis AJR (1988) 150:1367–70.

Blumhagen JD George H Noble S Muscle thickness in hypertropic pyloric stenosis AJR (1983) 140:221–223.

Blumhagen JD The role of ultrasonography in the evaluation of vomiting in infants Pediatr Radiol (1986) 16:267–270.

Stunden RJ LeQuesne GW Little KET The improved ultrasound diagnosis of hypertropic pyloric stenosis Pediatr Radiol (1986) 16:200–205.

O'Keefe FN Stansberry SD Swiwchuck LE Hayden CK Antropyloric muscle thickness at US in infants: What is normal? Pediatrc Radiol (1991) 178:827–830.

Carver RA Okorie M Steiner GM Dickson JAS Infantile hypertropic pyloric stenosis - Diagnosis from the pyloric muscle index Clinical Radiology (1988) 38:625–627.

Westra SJ deGroot CJ Smits NJ Staalman Hypertropic pyloric stenosis: Use of the pyloric volume measurement in early diagnosis Pediatr Radiol (1989) 172:615–619.

Davies RP Linke RJ Robinson RG Smart JA Hargreave C Sonographic diagnosis of infantile hypertropic pyloric stenosis J Ultrasound Med (1992) 11:603–605.

Bisset RA Gupta SC Hypertropic pyloric stenosis, ultrasonic appearances in a small baby Pediatr Radiol (1988) 18:405.

Bowen B Ros PR McCarthy MJ Olmsted WW Hjermstad BM Gastrointestinal teratomas CT and US appearance with pathologic correlation Radiology (1987) 162:431–433.

Bree RL Green B Grey scale appearance of intraabdominal mesenchymal sarcomas Radiology (1978) 128:93.

Ablin DS Brant WE Cystic leiomyosarcoma of the stomach in a child J Clin US (1992) 20:72.

Scheider K Dickerhoff Bertele Malignant gastric sarcoma - diagnosis by ultrasound and endoscopy Pediatr Radiol (1986) 16:69–70.

Maves CK Johnson JF Bove K Malott RL Gastric inflammatory pseudotumour in children Radiology (1989) 173:381–383.

McAlister WH Katz ME Perlman JM Tack ED Sonography of focal foveolar hyperplasia causing gastric obstruction in an infant Pediatr Radiol (1988) 18:79–81.

Bar-Ziv J Barki Y Weizman Z Urkin J Transient protein-losing gastropathy (Menetrier's disease) in childhood Pediatr Radiol (1988) 18:82–84.

Newman B Girdany BR Gastric trichobezoars - Sonographic and computed tomographic appearance Pediatr Radiol (1990) 20:526–527.

Hayden CK Swischuk LE Rytting JE Gastric ulcer disease in infants: US findings Radiology (1987) 164:131–134.

Kopen PA McAlister WH Upper gastrointestinal and ultrasound examinations of gastric antral involvement in chronic granulomatous disease Pediatr Radiol (1984) 14:91–93.

Puylaert JBCM Acute Appendicitis: US evaluation using graded compression Radiology (1986) 158:355–360.

Dinkel E Dittrich M Peters H Baumann W Real-time ultrasound in Crohn's disease: characteristic features and clinical implications Pediatr Radiol (1986) 16:8–12.

Sheridan MB Nicholson DA Martin DF Transabdominal ultrasonography as the primary investigation in patients with suspected Crohn's disease or recurrence: A prospective study Clinical Radiol (1993) 48:402–404.

Vade A Blane CE Imaging of Burkitt lymphoma in pediatric patients Pediatr Radiol (1985) 15:123–126.

Couture A Veyrac C Baud C Galifer RB Armelin I . Evaluation of abdominal pain in Henoch-Schonlein syndrome by high frequency ultrasound Pediatr Radiol (1992) 22:12–17.

Hayden K Boulden TF Swischuk LE Lobe TE Sonographic demonstration of duodenal obstruction in midgut volvulus AJR (1984) 143:9–10.

Cohen HL Haller JO Mestel AL Coren C Schechter S Eaton DH Neonatal duodenum: Fluid aided US examination Radiology (1987) 164:805–809.

Leonidas JC Magid N Somberman N Glass TS Midgut volvulus in infants: Diagnosis with US Radiology (1991) 179:491–493.

Smet MH Marchai G Ceulemans R Eggermont E The solitary hyperdynamic pulsating superior mesenteric artery: an additional sonographic feature of midgut volvulus Pediatr Radiol (1991) 21:156–157.

Pracros JP Sann L Genin G Tran-Minh VA Morin de Finfe CH Forat P Louis D Ultrasound diagnosis of midgut volvulus: The “whirlpool” sign Pediatr Radiol (1992) 22:18–20.

Loyer E Dunne Eggli K Sonographic evaluation of superior mesenteric vascular relationship in malrotation Pediatr Radiol (1989) 19:173–175.

Weinberger E Winters WD Liddel RM Rosenbaum DM Krauter D Sonographic diagnosis of intestinal malrotation in infants AJR (1992) 159:825–828.

Dufour D Delaet MH Dassonville M Cadranel S Perlmutter N , Midgut malrotation, the reliability of sonographic diagnosis Pediatr Radiol (1992) 22:21–23.

Zerin JM DiPietro MA Superior mesenteric vascular anatomy at US in patients with surgically proved malrotation of the midgut Radiology (1992) 183:693–694.

Bar LL Hayden CK Stansberry SC Swischuk LE Enteric duplication cysts in children: Are their ultrasonic wall characteristics diagnostic? Pediatr Radiol (1990) 20:326–328.

Norton KI Tenreiro R Rabinowitz JG Sonographic demonstration of annular pancreas and a distal duodenal diaphragm in a newborn Pediatr Radiol (1992) 22:66–67.

Cremin BJ Solomon DJ Ultrasonic diagnosis of duodenal diaphragm Pediatr Radiol (1987) 17:489–490.

Goyal MK Bellah RD Neonatal small bowel obstruction due to meckel diverticulitis: Diagnosis by ultrasonography J Ultrasound Med (1993) 2:119–122.

Walecki JK Hales ED Chung EB Laster HD Ultrasound contribution to the diagnosis of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome Pediatr Radiol (1984) 14:62–64.

Jeffrey RB Jr Laing FC Townsend RR . Acute Appendicitis Sonographic criteria based on 250 cases Radiology (1988) 167:327–329.

Appendix, normal and abnormal Radiology (19) 158:773.

Puylaert JBCM Rutgers PH Lalisang RI DeVries BC Van Der Werk SDJ Dorr JPJ A prospective study of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of appendicitis N Eng J Med (1987) 317:666–669.

Kao SCS Smith WL Abu-Yousef MM Franken EA Sato Y Kimura K Acute appendicitis in children: Sonographic findings AJR (1989) 153:375–379.

Vignault F Filiatrault D Brandt ML Garel L Grignon A Ouimet A Acute appendicitis in children: Evaluation with US Pediatr Radiol (1990) 176:501–504.

Ceres L Alonso I Lopez P Parra G Echeverry J Ultrasound study of acute appendicitis in children with emphasis upon the diagnosis of retrocecal appendicitis Pediatr Radiol (1990) 20:258–261.

Borushok KF Jeffrey RB Jr Laing FC Townsend RR Sonographic diagnosis of perforation in patients with acure appendicitis AJR (1990) 154:275–278.

Hayden CJ Jr Kuchelmeister J Lipscomb TS Sonography of acute appendicitis in childhood: Perforation versus nonperforation J Ultrasound Med (1992) 11:209–216.

Quillin SP Siegal MJ Coffin CM Acute appendicitis in children: Value of sonography in detecting perforation AJR (1992) 159:1265–1268.

Verscheiden P Filiatrault D Garel L Grigon A Perreault G Boisvert J Intussusception in children: Reliability of US in diagnosis - A prospective study Pediatr Radiol (1992) 184:741–744.

Swischuk LE Hayden CK Boulden T Intussusception: Indications for ultrasonography and an explanation of the doughnut and pseudokidney signs Pediatr Radiol (1985) 15:388–391.

Lam AH Firman K Value of sonography including colour Doppler in the diagnosis and management of long standing intussusception Pediatr Radiol (1992) 22:112–114.

Itagaki A Uchida M Ueki K Kajii T Double target sign in ultrasonic diagnosis of intussuscepted Meckel divericulum Pediatr Radiol (1991) 21:148–149.

McGrath FP Moote DJ Langer JC Orr W Somers S Duodenojejunal intussesception secondary to a duodenal lipoma presenting in a young boy Pediatr Radiol (1991) 21:590–591.

Woo SK Kim JS Suh SJ Paik TW Choi SO Childhood intussesception: US-guided hydrostatic reduction Radiology (1992) 182:77–80.

McNamarra MJ Chalmers AG Morgan M Smith SEW Typhlitis in acute childhood leukaemia: Radiologival features Clinical Radiol (1986) 37:83–86.

Alexander JE Williamson SL Seibert JJ Golladay ES Jimenez JF . The ultrasonographic diagnosis of typhlitis (neutropenic colitis) Pediatr Radiol (1988) 18:200–204.

Schuster SR Teele RL An analysis of ultrasound scanning as a guide in determination of “high” and “low” inperforate anus J Pediatr Surg (1979) 14:798–800.

Anderson S Savader B Barnes J Savader S Enterolithiasis with imperforate anus Pediatr Radiol (1988) 18:130–133.

Kodroff MB Hartenberg MA Goldschmidt RA Ultrasonographic diagnosis of gangrenous bowel in neonatal necrotising enterocolitis Pediatr Radiol (1984) 14:168–170.

Meritt CRB Goldsmith JP Shary MJ Sonographic detection of portal vein gas in infants with NEC AJR (1984) 143:57.

Avni EF Rypens F Cohen E Pardou A Pericholecystic hyperechogenicities in necrotising enterocolitis: A specific sonographic sign? Pediatr Radiol (1991) 21:179–181.

Walters DF Govil S Korula A William RR Chandy G Pedunculated colonic polyp diagnosed by colonic sonography Pediatr Radiol (1992) 22:148–149.

Cremin BJ Brown RA Carcinoma of the colon: Diagnosis by ultrasound and enema Pediatr Radiol (1987) 17:319–320.

Pasto ME Deiling O'Hara Rifkin Goldberg BB Neonatal colonic atresia: Ultrasound findings Pediatr Radiol (1984) 346–348.