Diagnostic ultrasound is considered to be the gold standard imaging modality for testicular assessment. As a result, it is frequently encountered by general radiologists and sonographers on daily ultrasound lists as well as by radiology residents out of hours. The main strength of diagnostic ultrasound in testicular assessment is that the high-frequency linear transducers utilized reproduce high-resolution images allowing accurate assessment of the testicular parenchyma. The fact that no ionizing radiation is utilized is particularly important as many patients on whom a testicular scan is requested are young or middle aged and the testis as an organ is very radiosensitive. This pictorial review comprises a range of illustrated images of congenital, benign, malignant, infection, polyorchidism and prosthesis-related pathologies collated over a two-year period at our institution.
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