Renal ultrasound has largely replaced the intravenous urogram for assessing the gross anatomy of the kidneys in a number of clinical conditions. In urinary tract infection its pre-eminent roles are the detection of obstruction, identification of complications, the diagnosis of abnormality predisposing to infection, such as horseshoe kidney, calculus disease etc, characterisation of infection in the presence of unusual organisms and the differentiation of urinary tract infection from other causes of urinary tract symptomatology.
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