Background: Microalbuminuria is associated with some cardiovascular
risk factors. However, it is presently unclear whether microalbuminuria is
associated with other cardiovascular risk factors and markers of insulin
resistance in both men and women.
Design: The baseline parameters of the on-going prospective
D.E.S.I.R. Study (Data from an Epidemiological Study on the Insulin Resistance
syndrome) were analysed.
Methods: The subjects (n = 3878, age
30-64) had a medical and biological checkup including arterial pressure, ECG,
lipids, haematocrit, leukocyte count, insulin and urinary albumin concentration.
Results: Arterial pressure was significantly higher in
microalbuminuric than in normoalbuminuric men and women. The heart rate and the
prevalence of smoking were higher in microalbuminuric than in normoalbuminuric
men, but not in women. Total- and LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides,
apolipoprotein-B, leukocyte count, uric acid, haematocrit, haemoglobin and red
cell volume were greater in microalbuminuric than in normoalbuminuric men.
Total- and HDL-cholesterol were lower whereas triglycerides and uric acid were
significantly greater in microalbuminuric than in normoalbuminuric women. The
9-year calculated absolute cardiovascular risk was higher in microalbuminuric
than in normoalbuminuric men (4.18% vs. 2.79%,
respectively, P < 0.0001) but was similar in women
(0.75% vs. 0.69%, respectively, NS). Fasting blood glucose
and insulin were higher in microalbuminuric than in normoalbuminuric men, but
not in women. A multiple regression showed that microalbuminuria was associated
with systolic arterial pressure, fasting glucose, leukocyte count and
haematocrit in men, and with systolic arterial pressure and triglycerides in
women.
Conclusions: Microalbuminuria is associated with most cardiovascular
risk factors and markers of insulin resistance in men, but no consistent
association is observed in women. The determinants of microalbuminuria appear
different in men and women, suggesting a different pathophysiology and perhaps
significance of microalbuminuria in men and women.
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