Abstract
CA 125 shedding is not a constitutive and stable process but may be affected by cell cycle and cell proliferation as well as by various growth factors and cytokines. Interferons, interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α and transforming growth factor-α have been shown to induce while glucocorticoids and transforming growth factor-β have been shown to suppress the release of the tumor marker CA 125 from ovarian carcinoma cells. Several endogenous as well as exogenous factors may affect CA 125 biosynthesis; however, a major question remains whether this observed modulation of CA 125 expression in vitro is of clinical importance.
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