Provitamin A Determination Problems and Possible Solutions

Simpson K.L. Relative value of carotenoids as precursors of vitamin A. Proc Nutr Soc 1983; 42: 7–17.

Rodriguez-Amaya D.B. Critical review of provitamin A determination in plant foods. J Micronutr Anal 1989; 5: 191–225.

Davies B.H. Carotenoids. In: Goodwin T.W. , ed. Chemistry and biochemistry of plant pigments. 2nd ed. London: Academic Press, 1976; 2: 38–6S.

Liaanen-Jensen S. Isolation, reactions. In: Isler O. , ed. Carotenoids. Basel, Switzerland: Berkhauser Verlag, 1971: 61–188.

Rodriguez-Amaya D.B. , Cecchi H.M. , Padula M Distribution of carotenoids in Brazilian foods. Paper presented at the 8th International Symposium on Carotenoids, Boston, Mass, USA, 1987.

Rodriguez-Amaya D.B. , Kimura M. Carotenóides e valor de vitamina A em cajá (Spondias lutea). Cienc e Tecnol Aliment 1989.

Godoy H.T. , Rodriguez-Amaya D.B. , Connor A.K. , Britton G. Confirmation of the structure of papaya β-cryptoxanthin monoepoxide. Food Chem (in press).

AOAC. Official methods of analysis. 14th ed. Arlington, Va, USA: Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 1984: 834–35.

Rodriguez-Amaya D.B. , Kimura M. , Godoy H.T. , Arima H. Assessment of provitamin A determination by open column chromatography/visible absorption spectrophotometry. J Chromatogr Sci 1988; 26: 624–29.

Brubacher G. , Müller-Mulot W. , Southgate D.A.T. Methods for the determination of vitamins in food. London: Elsevier Science Publishers, 1985: 33–50.

Kimura M. , Rodriguez-Amaya D.B. , Godoy H.T. Assessment of the saponification step in the quantitative determination of carotenoids and provitamins A. Food Chem (in press).

Tavares C.A. , Rodriguez-Amaya D.B. Determinação de provitamins A e carotenóides em alimentos “in nature” e processados. Paper presented at the IV Encontro Nacional de Analistas de Alimentos, Brasil, 1988.

Tsai S-W , Tsou S.C.S. , Simpson K.L. Reversed phase flash column analysis of provitamin A carotenoids. J Micronutr Anal 1989; 5: 171–79.

Mercadante A.Z. , Rodriguez-Amaya D.B. Comparison of normal-phase and reversed-phase gravity-flow column methods for provitamin A determination. Chromatographia 1989; 28: 249–52.

Speek A.J. , Speek-Saichua S. , Schreurs W.H.P. Total carotenoid and β-carotene contents of Thai vegetables and the effect of processing. Food Chem 1988; 27: 24557.

Pepping F. , Vencken C.M.J. , West C.E. Retinol and carotene content of foods consumed in East Africa by high performance liquid chromatography. J Sci Food Agric 1988; 45: 359–71.

NAS-NRC. Recommended dietary allowances. 9th ed. Washington, DC: National Academy of Science, 1980: 55–71.