Effects of Lifestyle Medicine on Alzheimer’s Disease: Insights From Emerging Evidence and Multi-Domain Interventions

Abstract

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and related dementias, encompassing primarily neurodegenerative but also mixed etiologies, represent a mounting public health concern expected to affect over 15 million Americans by 2060. This review synthesizes emerging evidence on how Lifestyle Medicine can meaningfully reduce risk and slow the progression of dementia. While genetic factors contribute to AD, mounting data highlight the central role that modifiable lifestyle factors, including nutrition, physical activity, sleep hygiene, stress management, social and cognitive engagement, and sensory health, play in its pathogenesis and trajectory. Mediterranean-type diets, regular exercise, robust sleep, stress mitigation, and social connectedness are associated with lower dementia risk, while smoking, excess alcohol, and chronic psychological stress elevate risk. Integrative strategies, such as mindfulness meditation and sensor-based digital monitoring, hold promise for individualized prevention and care. Culturally informed, holistic approaches addressing structural barriers and supporting caregivers are critical for equitable dementia prevention. This review presents compelling evidence that Lifestyle Medicine implemented in tandem with emerging technologies offers a scalable, cost-effective, and patient-centered framework for reducing the impact of AD and related dementias while enhancing well-being among patients, families, and communities.