Double crush syndrome (DCS) is a condition characterized by multiple compression sites along a single peripheral nerve. The purpose of this review is to provide a focused review of the incidence, the most likely pathology, the best diagnostic tools and parameters, and treatment recommendations for DCS that have evolved in recent years. Currently reported incidence of DCS ranges broadly from 6.7% to 73%, which may be due to lack of established anatomic electrodiagnostic criteria to define DCS. Treatment outcomes were diverse, emphasizing the lack of consensus on optimal management strategies. The review underscores the persistent ambiguity surrounding DCS, with inconclusive evidence on its pathophysiology and diagnostic criteria. This study highlights the need for a multidisciplinary approach, emphasizing thorough diagnostic workup to set properly patient expectations for treatment if DCS is suspected. In addition, conflicting outcomes from treatment modalities highlight the complexity of managing this syndrome. The lack of consensus on various aspects of DCS necessitates further research to guide more effective diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
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