Abstract
We previously demonstrated how one can develop a 3–D geometry to model the fibrous microstructure of a nonwoven fiberweb and use it to simulate its permeability at fiber level [1–6]. Developing 3–D models of most nonwoven fabrics (bonded fiberwebs), however, is cumbersome, as in the case of hydroentangled fabrics, for instance. In such cases, microscopic techniques are often used to generate 3–D images of the media's microstructures. Nevertheless, whether the microstructure is modeled or obtained from 3–D imaging, extensive computational resources are required to use them in fluid flow simulations [7]. To circumvent this problem, a two-scale modeling approach is proposed here that allows us to simulate the entire thickness of a commercial fabric/filter on a personal computer. In particular, the microscale permeability of a hydroentangled nonwoven is computed using 3–D reconstructed microstructures obtained from Digital Volumetric Imaging (DVI). The resulting microstructural permeability tensors are then used in a macroscale porous model to simulate the flow through the material's thickness and the calculation of its overall permeability.